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We identified a conserved and SSCs\u2010enriched RBP ELAVL2 from our single\u2010cell sequencing data, but its function and mechanism in SSCs were unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Expressions of ELAVL2 during human and mouse testis development were validated. Stable C18\u20104 and TCam\u20102 cell lines with overexpression and knockdown of ELAVL2 were established, which were applied to proliferation and apoptosis analysis. RNA immunoprecipitation and sequencing were used to identify ELAVL2 targets, and regulatory functions of ELAVL2 on target mRNAs were studied. Proteins interacting with ELAVL2 in human and mouse testes were identified using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometric, which were validated by in vivo and in vitro experiments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ELAVL2 was testis\u2010enriched and preferentially expressed in human and mouse SSCs. ELAVL2 was down\u2010regulated in NOA patients. ELAVL2 promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of C18\u20104 and TCam\u20102 cell lines via activating ERK and AKT pathways. ELAVL2 associated with mRNAs encoding essential regulators of SSCs proliferation and survival, and promoted their protein expression at post\u2010transcriptional level. ELAVL2 interacted with DAZL in vivo and in vitro in both human and mouse testes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Taken together, these results indicate that ELAVL2 is a conserved SSCs\u2010enriched RBP that down\u2010regulated in NOA, which regulates spermatogonia proliferation and apoptosis by promoting protein expression of targets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T08:43:10Z","timestamp":1627029790000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["RNA\u2010binding protein ELAVL2 plays post\u2010transcriptional roles in the regulation of spermatogonia proliferation and 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