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However, its underlying functions in spermatogenesis have not yet been identified. <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic> was deleted by crossing <jats:italic>Stra8\u2010Cre<\/jats:italic> mice with <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>flox\/flox<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice before the onset of meiosis. The morphology of testes and epididymides, spermatogenesis function, and fertility in both wild type (WT) and <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice were analysed by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunofluorescent staining. Mechanism of PEX5 affecting peroxisomes and spermatogenesis were validated by Western blot and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Transcriptome RNA sequencing (RNA\u2010seq) was used to profile the dysregulated genes in testes from WT and <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice on postnatal day (P) 35. The adult <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic> knockout male mice were completely sterile with no mature sperm production. Loss of <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic> in spermatocytes resulted in multinucleated giant cell formation, meiotic arrest, abnormal tubulin expression, and deformed acrosome formation. Furthermore, <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic> deletion led to delayed DNA double\u2010strand break repair and improper crossover at the pachytene stage. Impaired peroxisome function in <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic> knockout mice induced ROS redundancy, which in turn led to an increase in germ cell apoptosis and a decline in autophagy. <jats:italic>Pex5<\/jats:italic> regulates ROS during meiosis and is essential for spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,26]],"date-time":"2022-11-26T14:31:18Z","timestamp":1669473078000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pre\u2010meiotic deletion of <scp>PEX5<\/scp> causes spermatogenesis failure and infertility in mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University  Jinan 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