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This damage manifests as mucus hypersecretion, pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis, which often lead to long\u2010term complications collectively referred to as long COVID or post\u2010acute sequelae of COVID\u201019 (PASC). The airway epithelium, as the first line of defence against respiratory pathogens, depends on airway basal stem cells (BSCs) for regeneration. Alterations in BSCs are associated with impaired epithelial repair and may contribute to the respiratory complications observed in PASC. Given the critical role of BSCs in maintaining epithelial integrity, understanding their alterations in COVID\u201019 is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the intrinsic properties of BSCs derived from COVID\u201019 patients and evaluates the modulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Through a combination of functional assessments and transcriptomic profiling, we identified key phenotypic and molecular deviations in COVID\u201019 patient\u2010derived BSCs, including goblet cell hyperplasia, inflammation and fibrosis, which may underlie their contribution to PASC. Notably, MSC co\u2010culture significantly mitigated these adverse effects, potentially through modulation of the interferon signalling pathway. This is the first study to isolate BSCs from COVID\u201019 patients in the Chinese population and establish a COVID\u201019 BSC\u2010based xenograft model. Our findings reveal critical insights into the role of BSCs in epithelial repair and their inflammatory alterations in COVID\u201019 pathology, with potential relevance to PASC and virus\u2010induced respiratory sequelae. Additionally, our study highlights MSC\u2010based therapies as a promising strategy to address respiratory sequelae and persistent symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T07:40:05Z","timestamp":1737963605000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Airway Basal Stem Cells Inflammatory Alterations in <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 and Mitigation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1563-7576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Guangzhou National Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunli","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong 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Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengni","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the 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