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The oxygen\u2010induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model proves to be a useful tool for understanding RNV pathogenesis. In this model, retinal vascular phenotype undergoes two distinct stages: neovascular formation, followed by spontaneous regression. While microglial functions in the neovascular formation stage have been extensively studied, their behaviors and roles during regression remain unclear. In this study, we characterise the spatiotemporal dynamics and molecular heterogeneity of retinal microglia across both stages. During RNV formation, microglia exhibit an outer\u2010to\u2010inner and central\u2010to\u2010midperipheral migration pattern, whereas a reversed migration trend is observed during regression. We confirm a highly glycolytic microglia (HGM) subpopulation during RNV formation and demonstrate its pro\u2010angiogenic role by targeting a highly expressed pyruvate kinase M2 (Pkm2), a crucial enzyme for glycolysis. Importantly, we find that microglia exhibit enhanced phagocytic activity during regression, constituting a distinct phagocytosis\u2010associated microglia (PAM) subtype, expressing mannose receptor C\u2010type 1 (Mrc1\/CD206). Altogether, our findings reveal stage\u2010specific microglial\u00a0functional dynamics, providing novel insights into RNV pathogenesis and intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.70165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T14:11:50Z","timestamp":1769091110000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stage\u2010Associated Microglial Subpopulations and Dynamics in Vascular Pathogenesis of Oxygen\u2010Induced Retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat\u2010sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science  Guangzhou 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