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Here, we developed a robust self\u2010organisation protocol to produce vLOs with cellular heterogeneity and functional vasculature. The engineered blood vessels within vLOs exhibit lung\u2010specific characteristics. As proof of concept, we applied this platform to model chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH). Using patient\u2010derived vLOs, we demonstrated that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces pathological features resembling clinical COPD, including epithelial disruption and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, vLOs generated from a PH patient recapitulated disease\u2010associated vascular remodelling, with RNA\u2010seq revealing dysregulated pathways in endothelial dysfunction. Notably, we identified sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) as a potential therapeutic candidate, as it attenuated aberrant EndoMT in PH\u2010vLOs. In summary, our study establishes a physiologically relevant vLO system that enables modelling of cell\u2010type\u2010specific disease mechanisms and underscores the broad utility of this platform for mechanistic investigations and precision medicine approaches in respiratory disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.70273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T10:32:48Z","timestamp":1788258768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Human\n                    <scp>iPSC<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Derived Vascularised Lung Organoids for Modelling\n                    <scp>COPD<\/scp>\n                    and Pulmonary Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9015-4411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical 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Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing Advanced Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Aging\u2010Related Diseases, Clinical Stem Cell Research Center Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing Advanced Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Aging\u2010Related Diseases, Clinical Stem Cell Research Center Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7550-2158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of 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