{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T19:38:03Z","timestamp":1786390683038,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Idiopathic eosinophilic pleural effusions (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IEPEs<\/jats:styled-content>) comprise the eosinophilic pleural effusions for which a specific aetiology cannot be established. There are no reports investigating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IEPE<\/jats:styled-content> on the basis of a systematically applied pleuroscopy approach and entailing an appropriate patient follow\u2010up till the final outcome is established; existing series rather combine clinical and thoracocentesis criteria to establish the idiopathic character of the diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of our study was to assess the clinical outcome of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IEPE<\/jats:styled-content>, who underwent a systematic diagnostic approach by pleuroscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 10 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IEPE<\/jats:styled-content> among 175 consecutive patients who underwent pleuroscopy for undiagnosed pleural effusion. Pleural biopsies were obtained from observed lesions. All patients were followed up by means of clinical examination and imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IEPE<\/jats:styled-content> was established in 10 patients (median age was 50.5\u2009years, range 35\u201391). Macroscopic examination of the pleura showed diffuse thickening with pleural plaques in eight patients, consistent with diffuse pleural eosinophilic inflammation histologically proven. In two patients, macroscopic examination showed scattered nodules associated with non\u2010caseating granulomas histologically. In all 10 patients, a specific aetiology could not be established. Follow\u2010up was available for all patients ranging from 24\u2013102\u2009months (median 60\u2009months). No patient received a specific treatment during the follow\u2010up period. No relapse of a pleural effusion was documented during this period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pleuroscopy is mandatory in diagnosing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IEPE<\/jats:styled-content>. Negative histology and a long follow\u2010up showed a benign course. These findings suggest that we should call these effusions \u2018indeterminate\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,28]],"date-time":"2014-05-28T02:28:04Z","timestamp":1401244084000},"page":"475-480","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Pleuroscopy in \u2018Idiopathic\u2019 eosinophilic pleural effusions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Kostas","family":"Archontogeorgis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology Medical School Democritus University of Thrace  Alexandroupolis Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavros","family":"Anevlavis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology Medical School Democritus University of Thrace  Alexandroupolis 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