{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T10:17:43Z","timestamp":1769163463399,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]],"date-time":"2014-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of pulmonary non\u2010tuberculous mycobacteria (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>) disease is increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and clinical significance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> isolated from respiratory specimens at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>ing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>bdul\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ziz <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>edical <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ity\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>iyadh, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>audi <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>rabia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical records of all patients who had at least one respiratory specimen that was positive for growth of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> between 2006 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical significance of the isolates was determined using the diagnostic criteria for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> disease published by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>merican <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>horacic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ociety (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 380 respiratory specimens with positive culture for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> from 142 patients were identified. Forty patients (28%) had definite pulmonary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> disease with a mean (\u00b1\u2009standard deviation) age of 54\u2009\u00b1\u200916 years, 58% were male and 50% had had underlying chronic lung disease. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>ycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic> complex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAC<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919, 48%) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>ycobacterium abscessus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910, 25%) were the most commonly encountered <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>. The clinical manifestations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> lung disease are non\u2010specific, with symptoms indistinguishable from pulmonary tuberculosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TB<\/jats:styled-content>). The most common radiological features of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> lung disease were nodular bronchiectasis (45%) and fibrocavitary lesions (40%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010eight\u2009percent of the patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> isolates met the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATS<\/jats:styled-content> diagnostic criteria for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> lung disease. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009abscessus<\/jats:italic> were the most encountered <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> isolated species that caused <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> lung disease in our population, which is a rate similar to many previous studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,8]],"date-time":"2014-08-08T09:31:58Z","timestamp":1407490318000},"page":"198-203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Frequency and clinical significance of respiratory isolates of non\u2010tuberculous mycobacteria in <scp>R<\/scp>iyadh, <scp>S<\/scp>audi <scp>A<\/scp>rabia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Abdullah","family":"AL\u2010Harbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Pulmonary Division King Abdulaziz Medical City King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamdan","family":"AL\u2010Jahdali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Pulmonary Division King Abdulaziz Medical City King Saud bin Abdulaziz 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