{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T01:47:49Z","timestamp":1783648069191,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The lung large\u2010cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a very rare aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with a high propensity to metastasize and very poor prognosis. We report an atypical presentation of lung LCNEC was diagnosed from a metastatic nodule on the breast.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our patient is a 59\u2010years\u2010old woman that presented in March 2014 nonproductive cough. A CT scan showed multiple brain, lung, adrenal gland and liver secondary lesions; moreover, it revealed a breast right nodule near the chest measuring 1.8 cm. The breast nodule and lung lesions were biopsied and their histology and molecular diagnosis were LCNEC of the lung. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of breast metastasis from LCNEC of the lung.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Furthermore, breast metastasis from extramammary malignancy is uncommon and its diagnosis is difficult but important for proper management and prediction of prognosis. Therefore, a careful clinical history with a thorough clinical examination is needed to make the correct diagnosis. Moreover, metastasis to the breast should be considered in any patient with a known primary malignant tumor history who presents with a breast lump. Anyhow, pathological examination should be performed to differentiate the primary breast cancer from metastatic tumor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Therefore, an accurate diagnosis of breast metastases may not only avoid unnecessary breast resection, more importantly it is crucial to determine an appropriate and systemic treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,14]],"date-time":"2015-09-14T08:42:50Z","timestamp":1442220170000},"page":"574-578","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Breast metastasis and lung large\u2010cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: first clinical observation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Anselmo","family":"Papa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Verrico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Di Cristofano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histopathology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histopathology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Strudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Zoratto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Minozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silverio","family":"Tomao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Department of Medico\u2010Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Polo Pontino Latina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. 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