{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T01:27:42Z","timestamp":1792891662459,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43 TW010540"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43 TW010540"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R25 TW009338 through Global Health Equity Scholars (GHES) Fellowship Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25 TW009338 through Global Health Equity Scholars (GHES) Fellowship Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low Vitamin D levels have been associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and acute exacerbations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a paucity of data on Vitamin D and COPD, its severity and exacerbations in populations that are exposed to sunlight regularly with high levels of physical activity most of their lives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum levels of 25\u2010OH\u2010Vitamin\u2010D were assessed in 100 COPD subjects and 100 age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched controls from the rural community\u2010based MUDHRA cohort in South India. Levels of &lt;20\u00a0ng\/mL were defined as Vitamin D deficiency. Smoking habits, occupation, Charlson co\u2010morbidity index, Standard of living index(SLI), body mass index(BMI), 6\u2010minute walking distance were examined for associations with logistic regression between controls and COPD subjects. Unconditional logistic regression was used to examine the association with exacerbation of COPD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 64.5% (95%CI 57.7\u201370.8) of the subjects in spite of regular exposure to sunlight. Subjects with COPD had higher risk of Vitamin D deficiency (Adjusted OR: 5.05; 95%CI 1.4\u201317.8) as compared to controls. Amongst subjects with COPD, Vitamin D deficient subjects were three times more likely to have exacerbations in the previous year (Adjusted OR:3.51; 95%CI 1.27\u20139.67) as compared to COPD subjects without Vitamin D deficiency. Levels of Vitamin D &lt;20.81\u00a0ng\/mL and &lt;18.45\u00a0ng\/mL had the highest levels of combined sensitivity and specificity for COPD and acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a rural population exposed to sunlight many hours a day throughout their lives, low Vitamin D levels were associated with COPD and exacerbations of COPD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T06:18:34Z","timestamp":1605939514000},"page":"389-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Vitamin D deficiency is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and exacerbation of COPD"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5651-1123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Komarla 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