{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:45:29Z","timestamp":1790095529521,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic> pneumonia (PCP) among patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to increase. Here, we identified potential risk factors for in\u2010hospital mortality among HIV\u2010negative patients with PCP admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 154 non\u2010HIV\u2010infected PCP patients admitted to the ICU at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) and China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital (CJFH) from October 2012 to July 2020. Clinical characteristics were examined, and factors related to in\u2010hospital mortality were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 154 patients were enrolled in our study. Overall, the in\u2010hospital mortality rate was 65.6%. The univariate analysis indicated that nonsurvivors were older (58 vs. 52\u2009years, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021), were more likely to use high\u2010dose steroids (\u22651\u2009mg\/kg\/day prednisone equivalent, 39.62% vs. 55.34%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047), receive caspofungin during hospitalization (44.6% vs. 28.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049), require invasive ventilation (83.2% vs. 47.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), develop shock during hospitalization (61.4% vs. 20.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and develop pneumomediastinum (21.8% vs. 47.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores on ICU admission (20.32 vs. 17.39, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003), lower lymphocyte counts (430 vs. 570 cells\/\u03bcl, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014), and lower PaO2\/FiO2 values (mmHg) on admission (108 vs. 147, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00\u20131.06; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024), use of high\u2010dose steroids (\u22651\u2009mg\/kg\/day prednisone equivalent) during hospitalization (OR 2.29; 95% CI 1.07\u20134.90; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.034), and a low oxygenation index on admission (OR 0.99; 95% CI 0.99\u20131.00; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014) were associated with in\u2010hospital mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mortality rate of non\u2010HIV\u2010infected patients with PCP was high, and predictive factors of a poor prognosis were advanced age, use of high\u2010dose steroids (\u22651\u2009mg\/kg\/day prednisone equivalent) during hospitalization, and a low oxygenation index on admission. The use of caspofungin during hospitalization might have no contribution to the prognosis of non\u2010HIV\u2010infected patients with PCP in the ICU.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T08:57:28Z","timestamp":1641805048000},"page":"152-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Non\u2010HIV\u2010infected patients with <i>Pneumocystis<\/i> pneumonia in the intensive care unit: A bicentric, retrospective study focused on predictive factors of in\u2010hospital mortality"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4112-4558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuqiong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China\u2010Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine Peking University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care 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