{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:09:14Z","timestamp":1784005754097,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whether airway\u2010compromised airway\u2013esophageal fistula (AEF) patients should undergo combined airway and esophageal stenting is controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the survival prognosis and poststent interventions in AEF patients with airways compromised by advanced malignancy with or without airway stents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of the medical records, survival times, and poststent interventions of 17 patients with or without airway stents was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The causes of AEF were esophageal cancer (11\/17, 64.7%), lung cancer (6\/17, 29.4%), and thyroid cancer (1\/17, 5.9%). All patients received a nasogastric tube (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912) or underwent gastrostomy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095) to resume enteral nutrition. Thirteen patients underwent airway stent insertion (13\/17, 76.5%), whereas four patients did not. Four patients with a high risk of stent migration received external stent fixation to the trachea. Three of the patients with stents suffered severe granulation tissue formation and needed repeated bronchoscopy interventions. In the stented group, none of the patients developed stent migration, and the overall median survival time was 9\u00a0months, compared with 1.25\u2009months in the nonstented group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that stent insertion, nasogastric tube insertion, and transcatheter bronchial artery chemoembolization were protective factors against death, whereas surgery\u2010related fistula, fistula larger than 2\u00a0cm, continued chemotherapy, and age were risk factors for poor survival (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In airway\u2010compromised AEF patients, airway stents and nasogastric tubes are probably the preferred treatments. Airway stenting is tolerable, and routine weekly poststent bronchoscopy is needed in the first month and depending on respiratory symptoms thereafter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T01:29:11Z","timestamp":1707874151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy of airway stenting and nasogastric tube insertion in airway\u2013esophageal fistula patients with airways compromised by advanced malignancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The People's Hospital of Leshan  Leshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangbing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine Meishan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital  Meishan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin cheng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The People's Hospital of Leshan  Leshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hailong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The People's Hospital of Leshan  Leshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qun","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine West China Hospital of Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine Sichuan Cancer Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4031-6539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The People's Hospital of Leshan  Leshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1052\u20103359(03)00030\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.12.128"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1759\u20107714.12856"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"S389","article-title":"The treatment strategy for tracheoesophageal fistula","volume":"7","author":"Ke M","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/acs.2018.03.08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00049809"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doz087"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464\u2010016\u20105084\u20106"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"526","article-title":"A comprehensive review of esophageal stents","volume":"8","author":"Hindy P","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.01.094"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer. 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