{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T12:25:57Z","timestamp":1781094357525,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chest X\u2010ray (CXR) remains one of the tools used in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). However, few studies about such tools exist, specifically in children in Indonesia. We aim to investigate and compare the CXR findings of children with pulmonary drug\u2010resistant TB (DR\u2010TB) and drug\u2010sensitive TB (DS\u2010TB) that could help in the evaluation and management of TB cases in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective analysis with cross\u2010sectional approach was conducted in children (&lt;18\u2009years old) diagnosed with pulmonary DR\u2010TB and DS\u2010TB from January 2018 to December 2021. Documented data were collected from the Paediatric Respirology Registry and Tuberculosis Information System at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Characteristics of children, CXR findings, and TB severity were assessed and compared using the chi\u2010square and Fisher's exact tests with significance levels set at <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value &lt;0.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010nine children (DR\u2010TB 31 children vs. DS\u2010TB 38 children) were assessed. Of the 31 children with DR\u2010TB, 65% were classified as multidrug\u2010resistant TB (MDR\u2010TB), followed by rifampicin\u2010resistant TB (RR\u2010TB), pre\u2010extensively drug\u2010resistant TB (pre\u2010XDR\u2010TB), and extensively drug\u2010resistant TB (XDR\u2010TB). The most common CXR findings in DR\u2010TB are consolidation (68%), fibrosis (42%), and cavity (29%), whereas in DS\u2010TB, it is pleura effusion (37%). Severe TB accounts for 50% of DR\u2010TB (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consolidation, fibrosis, cavities, and findings of severe TB are most common in DR\u2010TB. Pleural effusion is the most common in DS\u2010TB. These findings have the potential to be considered in further examination of children with pulmonary DR\u2010TB and DS\u2010TB; hence, more extensive studies are needed to confirm these results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.70010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T08:31:10Z","timestamp":1727253070000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chest X\u2010Ray Comparison Between Drug\u2010Resistant and Drug\u2010Sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Saffanah Az","family":"Zuhriyyah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran  West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry Galuh","family":"Nugraha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran \u2013 Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung  West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djatnika","family":"Setiabudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran \u2013 Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung  West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prayudi","family":"Santoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran \u2013 Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung  West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heda Melinda","family":"Nataprawira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran \u2013 Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung  West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Petunjuk Teknis Penatalaksanaan Tuberkulosis Resistan Obat 2020","author":"Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit (P2P) Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Chest Radiography in Tuberculosis Detection","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0858"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/sajr.v20i1.829"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Dasar\u2010Dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis","author":"Madiyono B.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2021","author":"World Health 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