{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:48:13Z","timestamp":1782388093362,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity is independently associated with sarcopenia, beyond the effects of age, obesity and sex, has not been established in a single\u2010centre cohort using standardised ultrasound\u2010based assessment. We examined sarcopenia prevalence and its components across OSA severity strata in a Kuwaiti cohort using the ISarcoPRM sarcopenia algorithm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cross\u2010sectional within\u2010cohort analysis of 110 adults aged 50\u2009years or older with confirmed OSA (apnea\u2010hypopnea index [AHI] 5 or more events\/h by Level 3 portable monitoring; SomnoTouch, Somnomedics, Germany), stratified as mild (AHI 5\u201314.99,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200928), moderate (AHI 15\u201329.99,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200939) or severe (AHI 30 or more,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200943). Sarcopenia was assessed using the ISarcoPRM algorithm: quadriceps muscle thickness by ultrasound, Sonographic Thigh Adjustment Ratio (STAR), handgrip strength (Jamar dynamometer) and chair stand test (CST).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Demographic and comorbidity profiles were balanced across severity groups (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Quadriceps muscle thickness, STAR and handgrip strength did not differ significantly across severity strata (all Kruskal\u2013Wallis\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). CST time showed a significant gradient across severity strata (Kruskal\u2013Wallis\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.047), and both AHI and ODI correlated modestly with CST time (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009+0.209,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.029 and\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009+0.203,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034, respectively). Sarcopenia prevalence was 21.4%, 30.8% and 34.9% in mild, moderate and severe OSA, respectively, with no significant trend (Cochran\u2013Armitage\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.237). Age (OR 1.12 per year, 95%CI 1.05\u20131.19,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and BMI (OR 1.10 per kg\/m2, 95%CI 1.02\u20131.18,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009) were the independent predictors of sarcopenia; OSA severity was not (adjusted OR 1.19, 95%CI 0.65\u20132.18,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.577). Low STAR prevalence was 83.6%, driven by the high\u2010obesity burden in this cohort and the origin of STAR cut\u2010offs in a lower BMI Turkish reference population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this Kuwaiti OSA cohort, age and BMI are the dominant determinants of sarcopenia, with no independent contribution from OSA severity. A modest association between OSA severity indices and CST time suggests that physical function may be more sensitive to OSA\u2010related changes than muscle mass per se. The near\u2010universal low STAR prevalence points to the need for population\u2010specific normative data in high\u2010obesity cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.70201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T05:44:46Z","timestamp":1780724686000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sarcopenia and Physical Function in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Single\u2010Centre Cross\u2010Sectional Study (The SOSA Study)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3592-6933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad J.","family":"Abdulsalam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital  Jabriya Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renu","family":"Ambardar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital  Jabriya Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Abdulsalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Lab, Respiratory Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital  Jabriya Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sulaiman","family":"Khadadah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Lab, Respiratory Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital  Jabriya Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Alkandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital  Jabriya Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Abdulsalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Lab, Respiratory Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital  Jabriya Kuwait"},{"name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland University  Busaiteen Bahrain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diaa","family":"Shehab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital  Jabriya Kuwait"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University  Kuwait City Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Hacettepe University Medical School  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"\u00d6z\u00e7akar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Hacettepe University Medical School  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40200-017-0302-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-2851"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","article-title":"Ultrasound Imaging for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Sarcopenia: An Umbrella Review","volume":"12","author":"Wang J. C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30198-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2014.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70008-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200809-1392OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12445"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-024-01493-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-025-02963-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events. Version 3.0","author":"Berry R. B.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-020-00433-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318234e59f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.103.1.215-222"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.122586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6540"}],"container-title":["The Clinical Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/crj.70201","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/crj.70201","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/crj.70201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:08:07Z","timestamp":1782385687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/crj.70201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/crj.70201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/crj.70201","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-6981","1752-699X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-6981","type":"print"},{"value":"1752-699X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70201"}}