{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:19:00Z","timestamp":1780582740471,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reports on the clinical course of mycophenolic acid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010related colitis in kidney transplant recipients are scarce. This study aimed at assessing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related colitis incidence, risk factors, and progression after kidney transplantation. All kidney transplant patients taking <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content> who had colonic biopsies for persistent chronic diarrhea, between 2000 and 2012, at the Kidney Transplantation Unit of Botucatu Medical School Hospital, Brazil, were included. Cytomegalovirus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content>) immunohistochemistry was performed in all biopsy specimens. Data on presenting symptoms, medications, immunosuppressive drugs, colonoscopic findings, and follow\u2010up were obtained. Of 580 kidney transplant patients on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content>, 34 underwent colonoscopy. Colonoscopic findings were associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content> usage in 16 patients. The most frequent histologic patterns were non\u2010specific colitis (31.3%), inflammatory bowel disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010like colitis (25%), normal\/near normal (18.8%), graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease\u2010like (18.8%), and ischemia\u2010like colitis (12.5%). All patients had persistent acute diarrhea and weight loss. Six of the 16 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related diarrhea patients (37.5%) showed acute dehydration requiring hospitalization. Diarrhea resolved when <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content> was switched to sirolimus (50%), discontinued (18.75%), switched to azathioprine (12.5%), or reduced by 50% (18.75%). No graft loss occurred. Four patients died during the study period. Late\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content> was more frequent, and no correlation with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPA<\/jats:styled-content> dose or formulation was found.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T11:53:39Z","timestamp":1408535619000},"page":"1244-1248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Clinicopathologic features and outcome of mycophenolate\u2010induced colitis in renal transplant recipients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Luis Gustavo M.","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine \u2013 UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Aparecida M.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology \u2013 UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando G.","family":"Romeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine \u2013 UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula D.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine \u2013 UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana M.","family":"Contti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine \u2013 UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Fernanda C.","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine \u2013 UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01320.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12222"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V131277","article-title":"Goral Simin. 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