{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T22:43:26Z","timestamp":1792277006959,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,26]],"date-time":"2016-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we sought to determine the incidence of post\u2010transplant complications including acute cellular rejection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACR<\/jats:styled-content>), infection, and post\u2010transplant lymphoproliferative disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTLD<\/jats:styled-content>) in mucosal allograft biopsies in patients with small bowel transplant at our institution. We retrospectively reviewed pathology reports from 5675 small bowel allograft biopsies from 99 patients and analyzed the following: indications for biopsy, frequency and grade of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACR<\/jats:styled-content>, the presence of infectious agents, results of workup for potential <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTLD<\/jats:styled-content>, results of C4d immunohistochemistry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IHC<\/jats:styled-content>), features of chronic mucosal injury, and findings in concurrent native bowel biopsies. Findings from 42 allograft resection specimens were also correlated with prior biopsy findings. Indeterminate, mild, moderate, and severe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACR<\/jats:styled-content> were seen in 276 (4.9%), 409 (7.2%), 100 (1.8%), and 207 (3.6%) of biopsies, respectively. Although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACR<\/jats:styled-content> may show histologic overlap with mycophenolate mofetil toxicity, we found the analysis of concurrent native bowel biopsies to be helpful in this distinction. Adenovirus was the most common infectious agent seen (11%), and we routinely performed adenovirus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IHC<\/jats:styled-content> on biopsies. Eighteen patients (18%) developed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTLD<\/jats:styled-content>, 83% of which were <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content> associated, but only 28% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTLD<\/jats:styled-content> cases were diagnosed on mucosal allograft biopsies. C4d <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IHC<\/jats:styled-content> did not correlate with the presence of donor\u2010specific antibodies in limited cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T10:31:36Z","timestamp":1472725896000},"page":"1433-1439","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Allograft biopsy findings in patients with small bowel transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jamie","family":"Koo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Dry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel W.","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bita V.","family":"Naini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanlin L.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology 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