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In immunocompromised patients, including solid organ transplant (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOT<\/jats:styled-content>) and hematopoietic cell transplant (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCT<\/jats:styled-content>) recipients, however, it is likely to cause severe life\u2010threatening infection. Post\u2010transplant histoplasmosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTH<\/jats:styled-content>) in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOT<\/jats:styled-content>is uncommon with an incidence of \u22641% and is even rarer in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCT<\/jats:styled-content>patients. The majority of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTH<\/jats:styled-content>in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOT<\/jats:styled-content>is diagnosed in the first 2\u00a0years following transplantation. Histoplasmosis may result from endogenous reactivation of latent infection, de novo post\u2010transplant acquisition, and donor\u2010derived infection. Disseminated infection is common. Fever is the most common symptom and clinical features are often nonspecific, but patients with disseminated infection may present with a septic picture. Other features, including pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly, may not be prominent early in the course of illness. Contemporary histoplasma antigen assays are the most sensitive tests but cross\u2010reactivity with antigens of other fungi, including with Aspergillus galactomannan, is not uncommon. Treatment should be continued for at least a year. Histoplasma antigen levels have prognostic value and can be used to monitor the response to therapy. The attributable mortality is approximately 10%. Routine screening of donors and recipients is not currently recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]],"date-time":"2017-08-14T09:52:44Z","timestamp":1502704364000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Histoplasmosis in transplant recipients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7141-8322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiran","family":"Gajurel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reshika","family":"Dhakal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stan","family":"Deresinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious 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