{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:14:40Z","timestamp":1790813680789,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Virginia Lee Cook Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Invasive fungal infections are a feared complication in kidney transplant recipients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content>s). Here we present the University of Wisconsin experience with 5 invasive fungal infections\u2014aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis\u2014in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content>s transplanted between 01\/01\/1994 and 06\/30\/2014. During this period, there were 128 cases of fungal infections; aspergillosis was the most common (72), followed by cryptococcosis (29), histoplasmosis (14), blastomycosis (10), and coccidioidomycosis (3). The mean interval from transplant to fungal infection was 3.19\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.58\u00a0years (range 5\u00a0days\u201015.8\u00a0years). By 6\u00a0months postinfection, there were 53 (41%) graft failures and 24 (19%) deaths. Graft failure occurred in 46%, 38%, 21%, 40%, and 67% of patients with aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis, respectively. Anti\u2010thymocyte globulin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATG<\/jats:styled-content>) induction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.49; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.03\u20102.16; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04), diabetes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.53; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.05\u20102.21; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.03), and age (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.47; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.27\u20101.70; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a0.001) were associated with an increased risk for infection in univariate analysis. Multivariate adjustment retained <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATG<\/jats:styled-content> induction and older age. A large proportion of kidney transplant recipients with invasive fungal infections suffer graft failure within 3\u00a0years. Preventive, therapeutic, and monitoring strategies are needed to improve graft and patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,21]],"date-time":"2018-05-21T18:54:16Z","timestamp":1526928856000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The feared five fungal infections in kidney transplant recipients: A single\u2010center 20\u2010year experience"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1667-7465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandesh","family":"Parajuli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Wick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer","family":"Pandeya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brad C.","family":"Astor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI USA"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeannina","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Disease Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjang","family":"Djamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3326-8583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didier A.","family":"Mandelbrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison WI 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