{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T03:53:51Z","timestamp":1769918031513,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]],"date-time":"2018-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Soluble <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2) is a novel biomarker of inflammation and fibrosis. Elevated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels (\u226535\u00a0ng\/mL) are associated with worse outcomes in patients with heart failure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>). There are sparse data regarding the significance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels after heart transplantation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x). The study aims were to evaluate trends in soluble <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels after the resolution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content> status with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x and association between post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels and outcomes. Plasma <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels were measured at baseline (median [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content>] of 118\u00a0days pre\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x) and 12\u00a0months post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x in 62 subjects who were stratified into two groups by post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels &lt; or \u226535\u00a0ng\/mL: \u201cGroup 1\u201d or \u201cGroup 2,\u201d respectively. Plasma <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels were elevated in 58% of patients pre\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x and in 50% of patients post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x. There was no association between elevated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels before and after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x, and no significant differences in baseline characteristics between Group 1 and Group 2 patients. Group 2 as compared to Group 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x recipients had significantly higher incidence of antibody\u2010mediated rejection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMR<\/jats:styled-content>) for the entire post\u2010transplant follow\u2010up period (32% vs 4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006). There was no association between post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 level status and other post\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x outcomes including survival. In conclusion, elevated plasma <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 levels after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT<\/jats:styled-content>x are associated with increased risk for AMR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T04:54:46Z","timestamp":1531371286000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Elevated <scp>ST<\/scp>2 levels are associated with antibody\u2010mediated rejection in heart transplant recipients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8710-650X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avishay","family":"Grupper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"},{"name":"William J. von Liebig Transplant Center Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omar F.","family":"AbouEzzeddine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Maleszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"},{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5590-9428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayelet","family":"Grupper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William J. von Liebig Transplant Center Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer R.","family":"Geske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter K.","family":"Kremers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudhir S.","family":"Kushwaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"},{"name":"William J. von Liebig Transplant Center Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naveen L.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"},{"name":"William J. von Liebig Transplant Center Mayo Clinic  Rochester 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