{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:35:25Z","timestamp":1774312525041,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004948","name":"Astellas Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRA-ICL-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRA-ICL-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004948","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tacrolimus (TAC) is available as a twice\u2010daily capsule (TAC\u2010BID), once\u2010daily capsule (TAC\u2010QD), and once\u2010daily tablet. Recipients with ABO\u2010incompatible\/anti\u2010human leukocyte antigen (HLA)\u2010incompatible transplantation were excluded in previous trials and have thus not been evaluated. We conducted a 5\u2010year trial to determine whether TAC\u2010QD is noninferior to TAC\u2010BID for transplant outcomes. Adults who underwent de novo living kidney transplantation were randomly assigned (62 TAC\u2010QD; 63 TAC\u2010BID). We did not exclude ABO\u2010\/HLA\u2010 incompatible transplantation. TAC was initiated 7\u00a0days preoperatively (0.10\u00a0mg\/kg\/d). Mycophenolate mofetil, methylprednisolone, and basiliximab were administered. The primary endpoint was graft failure (non\u2010censored for death). We performed a noninferiority test. The noninferiority margin was 10% in risk difference. Five\u2010year graft failure rates were 6.5% and 9.5% for TAC\u2010QD and TAC\u2010BID, respectively (noninferiority, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009). The estimated glomerular filtration rates were similar between the groups (noninferiority, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). TAC\u2010QD did not have point estimates of risk difference above the inferiority margin in any assessed endpoints. However, a tendency of interaction was observed between biopsy\u2010proven acute rejection and the follow\u2010up period. In a living kidney transplant population with 40% of patients with ABO\/HLA incompatibility, the effect of TAC\u2010QD was not appreciably worse on various clinical transplant outcomes than that of TAC\u2010BID over 5\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]],"date-time":"2018-10-15T06:43:56Z","timestamp":1539585836000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Once\u2010daily vs twice\u2010daily tacrolimus for de novo living kidney transplantation patients including ABO\/HLA compatible and incompatible: A randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7443-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masayoshi","family":"Okumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Tokyo Women\u2019s Medical University Tokyo 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