{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:47:37Z","timestamp":1787014057910,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite significant advances in durable mechanical support survival, infectious complications remain the most common adverse event after ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation and the leading cause of early death after transplantation. In this study, we aim to describe our local infectious epidemiology and review short\u2010term survival and infectious incidence rates in the post\u2010transplantation period and assess risk factors for infectious episodes after transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective single\u2010center study of all consecutive adult heart transplant patients from 2008 to 2017. Survival data were estimated and summarized using the Kaplan\u2010Meier method. We quantified and evaluated the difference in the incidence rate between patients with and without infection using a Fine\u2010Gray model. The outcome of interest is the time to first infection diagnosis with post\u2010transplant death as the competing event.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 278 heart transplant patients, 74 (26.5%) underwent LVAD implantation. Twenty\u2010one patients (28.3%) developed an infection while supported by an LVAD. When compared to patients supported by an LVAD without a preceding infection, BMI was significantly greater (31.2 vs 27.8\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.03). Median follow\u2010up post\u2010transplantation was 3.01\u00a0years. Significant risk factors for the competing risk regression for infection after heart transplantation include LVAD infection (HR 1.94, [95% CI] 1.11\u20103.39,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.020) and recipient COPD (HR 2.14, [95% CI] 1.39\u20103.32,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.001) when adjusted for recipient age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and body mass index.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with LVAD\u2010related infection had a significantly increased risk of infectious complications after heart transplantation. Further research on the avoidance of induction agents and reduced maintenance immunosuppression in this patient population is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T10:03:51Z","timestamp":1565604231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Outcomes of patients with infection related to a ventricular assist device after heart transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3288-7393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasbanoo","family":"Moayedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"},{"name":"Ted Rogers Centre of Excellence in Heart Function, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4043-4287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashrit","family":"Multani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Bunce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease University Health Network Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Henricksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donn W.","family":"Garvert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Tremblay\u2010Gravel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Duclos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Hiesinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather J.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ted Rogers Centre of Excellence in Heart Function, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiran K.","family":"Khush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose G.","family":"Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ted Rogers Centre of Excellence in Heart Function, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory (PAMF-TSL) National Reference Center for the Study and Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis Palo Alto CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Teuteberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplant, and Mechanical Circulatory Support, and Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2018.07.022"},{"issue":"0","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","article-title":"Epidemiology of infection in mechanical circulatory support: a global analysis from the IMACS registry","volume":"0","author":"Hannan MM","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Heart Lung 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