{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:30:35Z","timestamp":1790706635222,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":69,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early extubation in liver transplantation (LT) and its potential benefits such as reduction in pulmonary complications and enhanced postoperative recovery have been described. The extent of the effect of early extubation on short\u2010term outcomes after LT across the published literature is to the best of our knowledge unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this systematic review and meta\u2010analysis was to determine whether early extubation improves immediate and short\u2010term outcomes after LT and to provide expert recommendations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis on short\u2010term outcomes after early extubation in LT was performed (CRD42021241402), following PRISMA guidelines and quality of evidence (QOE) and recommendations grading using the GRADE approach, derived from an international experts panel. Endpoints were reintubation rates, pulmonary and other complications\/organ dysfunction, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 831 screened articles, 20 observational studies with a total of 3573 patients addressing early extubation protocols were included, of which 12 studies compared results after early versus deferred extubation. Reintubation and pulmonary complication rates were lower in the early versus deferred extubation groups (OR 0.29, CI 0.22\u20130.39; OR 0.17, CI 0.09\u20130.33, respectively). ICU and hospital LOS were shorter in eight out of eight and seven out of eight comparative studies, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early extubation after LT is associated with improved short\u2010term outcomes after LT and should be performed in the majority of patients (QOE; Moderate to low | Grade of Recommendation; Strong). Randomized controlled trials using standardized definitions of early extubation and short\u2010term outcomes are needed to demonstrate causality, validate and allow comparability of the results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.14642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T05:25:14Z","timestamp":1646889914000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The role of early extubation on short\u2010term outcomes after liver transplantation \u2013 A systematic review, meta\u2010analysis and expert recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Pascale","family":"Tinguely","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Service of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation NHS Foundation Trust Royal Free London Hospital  London 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