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This retrospective study aimed to assess risk factors for malignancies and to evaluate the impact of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) discontinuation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 1990 to 2015, all patients transplanted for ALD were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 493 patients were included, 77.9% were male and the median age at LT was 54 years. After LT, 278 de novo malignancies were diagnosed in 214 patients (43.4%). The cumulative incidence of de novo malignancies was 16.3% at 5 years, 34.4% at 10 years, and 49.8% at 15 years. In multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors were male gender (HR = 1.6), and active or weaned smoking (HR = 2.0). Discontinuation of CNI was a protective factor (HR = 0.6). Survival after diagnosis of de novo malignancy was 42.7% at 5 years and 27.5% at 10 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results confirm the major incidence of de novo malignancies after LT for ALD, as well as the important role of non\u2010modifiable risk factors such as smoking and gender. CNI discontinuation is a protective factor, and the only adaptable, and could be proposed in smoker male patients transplanted for ALD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.70014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T07:31:24Z","timestamp":1731915084000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Calcineurin\u2010Inhibitor Discontinuation Could Reduce the Risk of De Novo Malignancies After Liver Transplantation for Alcohol\u2010Related Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5812-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domitille","family":"Erard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'h\u00e9patologie, H\u00f4pital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon  Lyon 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