{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:57:54Z","timestamp":1781816274419,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Liver transplant (LT) anesthesiology has evolved alongside rising LT volumes in the United States. The formation of dedicated LT anesthesia teams (LTATs), formalization of director of LT anesthesia (DLTA), and standardization of LT anesthesia programs (LTAPs) have advanced the field. However, the current post\u2013COVID\u201019 state of these initiatives remains poorly characterized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From May 1 to June 31, 2024, we conducted a national electronic survey of 101 DLTAs representing 151 active adult LT programs in the U.S., excluding pediatric programs and programs without identifiable DLTA contacts. The survey assessed LTAT structure, clinical practices, professional perceptions, and anticipated future challenges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The response rate was 32.7% (33 of 101), predominantly from academic institutions (90.9%). Estimated number of LTATs averaged 6.6 members, with 38% fellowship\u2010trained in transplant anesthesia, 27% in cardiothoracic anesthesia, and 23% in critical care. Overall 52% received institution\u2010specific training. Forty two percent of LTAPs offered one\u2010year LT anesthesiology fellowship. Most (82%) LTATs operated at 1:1 (including solo anesthesiologist in 15%) vs. 1:2 (7%) staffing ratios, involving residents (91% of cases), fellows (52%), and CRNAs (9%). Nearly all programs (94%) anticipated staffing changes, with 20 programs projecting 22 net hires. Approximately half of DLTAs (52%) considered their workforce adequate, while 36% reported a need for additional LT anesthesiologists. Overall, 76% of DLTAs were satisfied with their role, though increased workload (45%) and supply\u2010demand mismatches (41%) were challenges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Addressing workforce expansion and workload\u2010related challenges may support LT anesthesia programs in meeting the demands of increasing national transplant volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.70509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:29:29Z","timestamp":1773757769000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adult Liver Transplant Anesthesiology Practice in the Post\u2010COVID\u201019 Era in the United States: Survey From the Society for the Advancement of Transplant Anesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Neil U.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6034-6941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cara","family":"Crouch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sathish","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Michigan Medicine  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2878-3775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network.National data of liver transplants.https:\/\/optn.transplant.hrsa.gov\/data\/view\u2010data\u2010reports\/national\u2010data\/#. Accessed February 16 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21719"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14421"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Committee on Transplant Anesthesia.Statement on director of liver transplant anesthesia.American Society of Anesthesiologists. Accessed February 23 2025 https:\/\/www.asahq.org\/standards\u2010and\u2010practice\u2010parameters\/statement\u2010on\u2010director\u2010of\u2010liver\u2010transplant\u2010anesthesia."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25711"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.14504"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23427"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2013.04.017"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"130","article-title":"Impact of COVID\u201019 on Liver Transplant Activity in the USA: Variation by Etiology and Cirrhosis Complications","volume":"11","author":"Kuo Y. F.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848231171452"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients.Transplant center search results. Accessed March 2 2025 https:\/\/www.srtr.org\/transplant\u2010centers\/?organ=liver&recipientType=adult&query=."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"Dartmouth Healthcare Atlas.Supplemental Data. Accessed March 2 2025 https:\/\/data.dartmouthatlas.org\/supplemental\/#boundaries."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27191"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","unstructured":"United Network for Organ Sharing\/Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network.Liver transplant guidelines. Accessed March 13.2025 https:\/\/optn.transplant.hrsa.gov\/policies\u2010bylaws\/a\u2010closer\u2010look\/liver\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253217737043"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253217750754"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253219868918"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2022.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2024.02.029"}],"container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ctr.70509","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ctr.70509","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ctr.70509","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:34:39Z","timestamp":1781814879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ctr.70509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ctr.70509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ctr.70509","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0902-0063","1399-0012"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0902-0063","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-0012","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70509"}}