{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T17:35:50Z","timestamp":1777224950844,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is estimated that up to half of kidney\u2010transplant (KT) recipients develop asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) within three years posttransplantation. Despite limited evidence supporting screening or treatment, most centers continue routine surveillance and antibiotic therapy, raising concerns about antimicrobial resistance, drug toxicity, and costs. We sought to describe current Canadian practices and perceptions regarding ASB screening and treatment among nephrologists caring for KT recipients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nationwide cross\u2010sectional survey. All nephrologists affiliated with the Canadian Society of Transplantation (CST) Kidney Group were invited to complete a 27\u2010item electronic survey assessing demographic characteristics, ASB screening and treatment practices, and attitudes toward future clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010five nephrologists responded (66% response rate, 35\/53) from 12 of 18 adult KT centers in Canada (67% national center representation). Forty percent (14\/35) were aged 45\u201354 years; 49% (17\/35) were women; and 57% (20\/35) had &gt;15 years of transplant experience. Most (28\/35, 80%) reported screening for ASB during the first 2 months posttransplant, most often with weekly urine cultures (20\/35, 57%; 19\/35, 54%), typically until stent removal (21\/35, 61%). All respondents (35\/35, 100%) treated ASB during this period, most commonly for 7 days (19\/35, 54%); 4\/35 (11%) ordered additional investigations. After stent removal, only 7\/35 (20%) continued screening and 2\/35 (6%) continued treatment. Overall, 14\/35 (40%) would modify practice if stronger evidence became available, and 31\/35 (88%) were willing to participate in a randomized trial withholding antibiotics for ASB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant variability exists in ASB screening and treatment practices among Canadian nephrologists. These findings highlight a true evidence gap regarding management during the early posttransplant period, rather than a failure to adopt established data, and support the need for pragmatic clinical trials to guide evidence\u2010based ASB management and antimicrobial stewardship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.70529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T11:51:01Z","timestamp":1775217061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Kidney Transplant: Approaches to Screening and Treatment\u2014A National Survey of Canadian Nephrologists"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Ramirez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Ajmera Transplant Centre University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajmera Transplant Centre University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahid","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajmera Transplant Centre University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deepali","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajmera Transplant Centre University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. Joseph","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Ajmera Transplant Centre University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13221"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","article-title":"Antibiotics for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Kidney Transplant Recipients","volume":"2","author":"Coussement J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000678"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy1121"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13829"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz243"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13934"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00518-18"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Oral Fosfomycin for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Results From a Spanish Multicenter Cohort","volume":"95","author":"Ruiz\u2010Ruig\u00f3mez M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2025.2561646"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(00)00258-0"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"134","article-title":"Response Rates in Postal Surveys of Healthcare Professionals","volume":"62","author":"Cook J. V.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"T. S.Flanigan E.McFarlane andS.Cook \u201cConducting Survey Research Among Physicians and Other Medical Professionals \u201d inAAPOR Conference Proceedings(2008)."}],"container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ctr.70529","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ctr.70529","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ctr.70529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T17:09:58Z","timestamp":1777223398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ctr.70529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ctr.70529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ctr.70529","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0902-0063","1399-0012"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0902-0063","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-0012","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70529"}}