{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:09:27Z","timestamp":1791173367897,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hispanic patients experience lower rates of liver transplant referral and living donation compared to non\u2010Hispanic white (NHW) patients, often due to socioeconomic barriers. This study evaluated the impact of initiating a living donor liver transplant (LDLT) program on waitlist outcomes and ethnic disparities at a single center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis compared Hispanic and NHW waitlist outcomes between two eras: before (Era 1: 2012\u20132017) and after (Era 2: 2018\u20132024) LDLT program implementation. Outcomes included LDLT, deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT), death or clinical deterioration (DOD), and clinical improvement. Sub\u2010distribution hazard models and Kaplan\u2010Meier survival analyses were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      1156 liver transplants were performed in Hispanic and NHW patients. Era 2 patients experienced significantly shorter waitlist times (236\u00a0vs. 365 days,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). NHW patients were more likely to have higher education, be English\u2010speaking U.S. citizens, and be employed. Hispanic LDLT recipients more often had biologic donors. LDLT likelihood increased significantly in Era 2 (HR = 5.77,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), while waitlist DOD rates decreased by 48% (HR = 0.52,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). NHW patients had a higher chance of LDLT (HR = 1.67,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and lower DOD risk (HR = 0.70,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) than Hispanic patients, although DOD decreased for both groups. Women had a higher rate of LDLT (HR = 1.58) but also higher DOD (HR = 1.26). In Era 1, Hispanic LDLT recipients had worse post\u2010transplant survival, but outcomes improved to match NHW recipients in Era 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.88).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Implementation of a LDLT program improved access and waitlist outcomes for all groups, especially Hispanic, despite significant socioeconomic barriers, and female patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.70554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T05:03:33Z","timestamp":1778303013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Addressing Racial Disparities in a Hispanic Population Through Living Donor Liver Transplantation\u2014A Comparison of 2 Eras"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4288-7896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronit","family":"Patnaik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transplant Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4616-2347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jillian","family":"Woodworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery University Health Transplant Institute &amp; University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4205-1442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byeong Yeob","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences University of Texas Health San Antonio  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0189-1426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences University of Texas Health San Antonio  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2225-9879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Michael","family":"Cullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery University Health Transplant Institute &amp; University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Texas Liver Institute University of Texas Health San Antonio  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7432-8880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cigarroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery University Health Transplant Institute &amp; University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6718-5404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarunjeet","family":"Klair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery University Health Transplant Institute &amp; University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000904"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001236"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2020.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.22357"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25996"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000543023.01197.f0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.12.029"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"504","article-title":"Prevalence, Trends, Outcomes, and Disparities in Hospitalizations for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the United States","volume":"32","author":"Adejumo A. 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