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This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis of the frequencies and distributions in African populations of<jats:italic>ABC<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>SLC<\/jats:italic>variants that affect drug pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD). Of polymorphisms evaluated in African populations,<jats:italic>SLCO1B1<\/jats:italic>rs4149056 and<jats:italic>SLC22A6<\/jats:italic>rs1158626 were found at markedly higher frequencies than in non\u2010African populations.<jats:italic>SLCO1B1<\/jats:italic>rs4149056 was associated with reduction in rifampin exposure, which has implications for dosing this important anti\u2010tuberculosis therapy.<jats:italic>SLC22A6<\/jats:italic>rs1158626 was associated with increased affinity for antiretroviral drugs. Genetic diversity in SLC and ABC transporters in African populations has implications for conventional therapies, notably in tuberculosis and HIV. More PK and PD data in African populations are needed to assess potential for a different response to drugs compared with other global populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.12769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T10:49:00Z","timestamp":1582714140000},"page":"848-860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Genetic Diversity in Drug Transporters: Impact in African Populations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Iris","family":"Rajman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis NKK Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Knapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PharmaGenesis London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imad","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis East Hanover New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-017-0125-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.5b00255"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2016.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global tuberculosis report. <www.who.int\/tb\/publications\/global_report\/en\/> (2018). 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