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Our regression analysis showed that studies with progression\u2010free survival or response rate as primary end point were more likely to succeed than studies with overall survival (odds ratio (OR)\u00a0=\u00a02.94 and 6.23, respectively). The status of development was also linked with success rates. Studies for non\u2010lead indication tended to have lower success rates than studies for lead indication (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.68). Studies for first\u2010line therapy were observed to have low success rates compared with studies for post second\u2010line therapies (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.37). Studies for which strong prior evidence was not listed in their publication tended to be more successful than studies that followed rigorous RCTs or single arm studies for the indication. 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