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Evidence for the optimal dose of sugammadex required to reverse vecuronium\u2010induced shallow NMB is scarce. The aims of the present study were to find suitable doses of sugammadex and neostigmine to reverse a residual vecuronium\u2010induced NMB from a time of flight (TOF) ratio of 0.3\u20130.9 and evaluate their safety and efficacy. In total, 121 patients aged 18\u201365\u00a0years were randomly assigned to 11 groups to receive placebo, sugammadex (doses of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0\u00a0mg\/kg), or neostigmine (doses of 10, 25, 40, 55, or 70\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg). The reversal time of sugammadex and neostigmine to antagonize a vecuronium\u2010induced shallow residual NMB (i.e., TOF ratio of 0.3) and related adverse reactions were recorded. Several statistical models were tested to find an appropriate statistical model to explore the suitable doses of sugammadex and neostigmine required to reverse a residual vecuronium\u2010induced NMB. Based on a monoexponential model with the response variable on a logarithmic scale, sugammadex 0.56\u00a0mg\/kg may be sufficient to reverse vecuronium\u2010induced shallow residual NMB at a TOF ratio of 0.3 under anesthesia maintained with propofol. Neostigmine may not provide prompt and satisfactory antagonism as sugammadex, even in shallow NMB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T08:58:31Z","timestamp":1629968311000},"page":"234-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Required dose of sugammadex or neostigmine for reversal of vecuronium\u2010induced shallow residual neuromuscular block at a train\u2010of\u2010four ratio of 0.3"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA  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