{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:29:44Z","timestamp":1777674584007,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Translational Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Remimazolam is a new benzodiazepine with a short half\u2010life, good efficacy, and safety profiles in general anesthesia. Combining esketamine with propofol (P\u2009+\u2009E) could reduce propofol consumption and injection pain. It is, however, unclear if a low dose of remimazolam co\u2010administrated with esketamine (R\u2009+\u2009E) is comparable to the increasingly used P\u2009+\u2009E for surgical abortion with general anesthetic. We conducted a double\u2010blind randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety of R\u2009+\u2009E and P\u2009+\u2009E. Two hundred patients scheduled for a surgical abortion were randomized to receive remimazolam 0.3\u2009mg\/kg plus esketamine 0.3\u2009mg\/kg (R\u2009+\u2009E), and propofol 2\u2009mg\/kg plus esketamine 0.3\u2009mg\/kg (P\u2009+\u2009E). Sedative effectiveness was evaluated by measuring the time to lose consciousness (LOC), recovery time, and successful sedation rate. Safety was assessed by hemodynamics and adverse events during and postoperation. The time to LOC and recovery time in R\u2009+\u2009E was 5\u2009s shorter and 1\u2009min longer than that in P\u2009+\u2009E, respectively (both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Success sedation rate did not differ between groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.73). Bradycardia incidence and injection site pain were less frequent in the R\u2009+\u2009E group than that in the P\u2009+\u2009E group. More rash was observed in the R\u2009+\u2009E group compared with the P\u2009+\u2009E group (32% vs. 5%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), but all were mild (only chest rash) and resolved subsequently. Low dose of remimazolam when combined with esketamine has favorable profiles with rapid onset and recovery, but mild hemodynamic side effects and adverse events. It can be used as an alternative for surgical abortion with general anesthetic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T04:58:26Z","timestamp":1687237106000},"page":"1606-1616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Remimazolam versus propofol in combination with esketamine for surgical abortion: A <scp>double\u2010blind<\/scp> randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Linli","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4221-6075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong, SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhen","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong, SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Safe Abortion: Technical and Policy Guidance for Health Systems","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30315-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2009.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.109898"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6543211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2006.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-41509-5.00007-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200507000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.763275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-020-01103-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181ae8460"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000267503.85085.c0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-020-01299-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"929","article-title":"Remimazolam, a short\u2010acting GABA(a) receptor agonist for intravenous sedation and\/or anesthesia in day\u2010case surgical and non\u2010surgical procedures","volume":"13","author":"Rogers WK","year":"2010","journal-title":"IDrugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.110.002717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.690875"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.24514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.21.15517-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-020-02788-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.641866"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.22881"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S334100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4863682"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt196563279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199801000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S224553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-016-0383-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjg.SJG_92_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4289905"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02467-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.991559"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1079099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5628687"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","first-page":"244","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the observer's assessment of alertness\/sedation scale: study with intravenous midazolam","volume":"10","author":"Chernik DA","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","volume-title":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 14","author":"StataCorp","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","unstructured":"BayoumiAM.STDDIFF: stata module to compute standardized differences for continuous and categorical variables.Statistical Software Components S458275.2016. revised 17 Dec 2022."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","first-page":"4594","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosylate versus propofol in patients undergoing colonoscopy: a multicentered, randomized, positive\u2010controlled, phase III clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Chen S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15188"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2020.10.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.13525"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01373-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000548"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01713-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000001616"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-021-02934-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40981-022-00508-5"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Translational Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cts.13572","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T21:16:27Z","timestamp":1694639787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cts.13572"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cts.13572"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cts.13572","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-8054","1752-8062"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-8054","type":"print"},{"value":"1752-8062","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}