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However, their clinical use faces limitations due to the drug\u2010induced adverse effects, including myelosuppression. Several genetic associations have been evaluated for their association with these adverse drug reactions.\n                    <jats:italic>TPMT<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>NUDT15<\/jats:italic>\n                    polymorphisms have emerged as important clinical markers for predicting and optimizing the safety and effectiveness of thiopurine drugs. The bench\u2010to\u2010bedside approach of exploring and assessing the genetic associations of\n                    <jats:italic>TPMT<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>NUDT15<\/jats:italic>\n                    variants and the new LC\u2010MS\/MS methods for evaluating TPMT is a step forward in the advancement of precision medicine of thiopurine drugs. In Thailand,\n                    <jats:italic>TPMT<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>NUDT<\/jats:italic>\n                    are routinely genotyped in some hospitals to guide the prescription of thiopurine drugs for optimizing the safety or effectiveness of these drugs. However, the composite effects of these genetic variants remain unexplored at the global scale. Proper large\u2010scale studies with multi\u2010ethnic patients can provide a clear understanding of the\n                    <jats:italic>TPMT\/NUDT15<\/jats:italic>\n                    association and would pave the way towards the optimization of thiopurine drugs to achieve precision medicine.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.70410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T06:16:43Z","timestamp":1768889803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pharmacogenomics of Thiopurine Drugs: A Bench\u2010To\u2010Bedside Success Story in Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1432-7701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohitosh","family":"Biswas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science University of Rajshahi  Rajshahi Bangladesh"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7953-4616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shobana","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology &amp; Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Research Institute  Kansas City MO USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6113-0687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murshadul Alam","family":"Murad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science University of Rajshahi  Rajshahi Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0033-5321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chonlaphat","family":"Sukasem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, the Preventive Genomics and Family Check\u2010Up Services Center, Bumrungrad International Hospital  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Burapha University  Chonburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.2918"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000197"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","first-page":"1670","article-title":"Quantitation of 6\u2010Thioguanine Residues in Peripheral Blood Leukocyte DNA Obtained From Patients Receiving 6\u2010Mercaptopurine\u2010Based Maintenance Therapy","volume":"55","author":"Warren D. 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