{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T18:10:56Z","timestamp":1793815856173,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Translational Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic kidney disease is a progressive condition with limited therapeutic options in its advanced stages. Adipose\u2010derived stem cell therapy has shown potential in preclinical studies for renal repair. This study evaluated the short\u2010term stability of renal function in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease who received adipose\u2010derived stem cell therapy, using a matched control group derived from real\u2010world clinical data for comparison. A total of 34 treated patients were matched in a one\u2010to\u2010five ratio with 170 control patients based on key clinical characteristics. The primary outcomes included the mean percentage change in estimated glomerular filtration rate and the incidence of renal function decline exceeding defined thresholds. To enhance the robustness of treatment effect estimation, real\u2010world data were utilized to construct an external control group that closely resembled the clinical trial population. This approach allowed indirect treatment comparisons and strengthened the internal validity of findings in the absence of randomization. Results demonstrated that the treated group exhibited a more stable renal function trajectory and a significantly lower risk of deterioration compared to the control group, particularly in patients with more advanced disease. Among dose groups, the low\u2010dose group showed the greatest stability in renal function. These findings support the feasibility of using real\u2010world data to construct external comparators and suggest that stem cell therapy may offer a short\u2010term stabilizing effect on renal function. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore their long\u2010term clinical implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    identifier: NCT02933827 (registered October 13, 2016.\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT02933827\">https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT02933827<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    )\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.70415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T05:14:52Z","timestamp":1764220492000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Real\u2010World Data as External Control in Assessing the Efficacy of Allogeneic Adipose\u2010Derived Stem Cells Therapy for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yi\u2010Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Taipei Medical University  Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Pei","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UnicoCell Biomed Co., Ltd.  Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya\u2010Chung","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center and Department of Nephrology Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Taoyuan City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010Ju","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Taichung Veterans General Hospital  Taichung City Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Post\u2010Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University  Taichung City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han\u2010Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Health Sciences National Health Research Institutes  Miaoli County Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szu\u2010Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Health Sciences National Health Research Institutes  Miaoli County Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai\u2010Szu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University  Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Taipei Medical University Research Center of Urology and Kidney Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University  New Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, School of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4545-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung\u2010Yi","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Taipei Medical University  Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Population Health Sciences National Health Research Institutes  Miaoli County Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158765"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00040-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Hypertension: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice","author":"Hamrahian S. 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