{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T03:08:23Z","timestamp":1779073703803,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016238","name":"Alkoholitutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008484","name":"Paavo Nurmen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014438","name":"Business Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HUS 4685\/31\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HUS 4685\/31\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014438","name":"Business Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UH 4386\/31\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH 4386\/31\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Translational Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prolongation of the QT interval is a known precursor to serious arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, often triggered by medication use. Current medication risk evaluation platforms rely on literature\u2010based synthesis and may lag behind real\u2010world developments. We aimed to evaluate whether a machine learning (ML) model trained on real\u2010world genomic and medication data can identify associations between drug use and QTc duration, potentially enabling automated risk detection in clinical workflows. We included 10,208 individuals from the FinnGen biobank Expansion Area 3 substudy, integrating prescription records, clinical variables, and genetic information. We applied a nested\u2010cross\u2010validation approach to develop an ML framework to predict QTc duration using clinical characteristics, recent medication purchases, and polygenic score for QTc duration. We performed conventional linear regression analyses to estimate the robustness of the findings. Only a minority of ML\u2010detected drug\u2013QTc associations aligned with known effects listed in expert\u2010curated reference. Several apparent false positives were observed, and effect sizes for true positives, such as amiodarone, were small and likely interpreted as clinically not meaningful (+1\u2009ms in ML vs. +49\u2009ms in linear regression). These findings highlight challenges in using ML to detect meaningful drug effects on ECG. ML models did not reliably identify medications associated with QT\u2010interval prolongation. Consequently, risk quantification using QTc as an intermediate marker of electrophysiological vulnerability was limited in this framework. While new approaches continue to develop in medication safety assessment, a systematic evidence review conducted by clinical pharmacology experts is unlikely to be supplanted in the foreseeable future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.70577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T04:22:58Z","timestamp":1777954978000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Machine Learning\u2010Based Prediction of Drug\u2010Induced\n                    <scp>QTc<\/scp>\n                    Changes in a Large Finnish Biobank Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2382-7962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ville","family":"Lang\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4152-4795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksi","family":"Winst\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"FinnGen Consortium  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4460-0994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konsta","family":"Teppo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Cardiac Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Satasairaala  Pori Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2612-3636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Pohjonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Finland Biobank Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland  Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3738-1586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jari","family":"Laukkanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Finland Biobank Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland  Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8250-1930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arto","family":"Mannermaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobank of Eastern Finland University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio University Hospital  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7394-7487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teemu J.","family":"Niiranen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0059-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joonatan","family":"Palmu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.08.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098612454283"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"The Long QT Syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Vincent G. 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