{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T21:40:20Z","timestamp":1789508420651,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Translational Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Dynamic changes in myeloid\u2010derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) during multiple myeloma (MM) treatment remain poorly understood. In this longitudinal observational study, circulating monocytic (M\u2010MDSCs) and polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN\u2010MDSCs) were measured by flow cytometry in 99 newly diagnosed MM patients at diagnosis, post\u2010induction, and Day 100 after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Primary analyses were restricted to the bortezomib\u2010lenalidomide\u2010dexamethasone (VRd)\u2010treated cohort (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200978) to avoid regimen\u2010specific confounding. VRd, but not daratumumab\u2010based regimens, significantly expanded M\u2010MDSCs (median \u0394 +0.98%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), which normalized after ASCT. In the VRd cohort, \u0394M\u2010MDSCs (post\u2010induction minus baseline) were higher in patients achieving \u2264\u2009partial response (PR) than in those with \u2265\u2009very good partial response (VGPR) (median +1.56% vs. +0.50%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0083). In univariable analysis, \u0394M\u2010MDSCs, R2\u2010ISS stage, and MRD positivity each met the\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.20 threshold; however, MRD was excluded from multivariable modeling due to collinearity with response. In a two\u2010variable model adjusted for R2\u2010ISS, \u0394M\u2010MDSCs were not an independent predictor of suboptimal response (OR 1.28 per 1% increase, 95% CI 0.95\u20131.74,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.109), and bootstrap validation yielded confidence intervals overlapping unity. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an AUC of 0.730, but the derived cutoff was not used for modeling. VRd induction is associated with transient M\u2010MDSC expansion that correlates with response depth, but \u0394M\u2010MDSCs did not retain independent predictive value after adjustment. These hypothesis\u2010generating findings require validation in larger independent cohorts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.70660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T03:33:51Z","timestamp":1782790431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Circulating M\u2010\n                    <scp>MDSC<\/scp>\n                    Expansion During Therapy Associates With Treatment Response in Multiple Myeloma: A Longitudinal Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9106-5858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuqing","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2923-6880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9473-3525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengzhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing 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