{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:47:43Z","timestamp":1787014063210,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,25]],"date-time":"2012-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diseases of the foreskin may manifest with an array of pathologic findings, including potentially under\u2010recognized dermatologic conditions. Herein, we summarize an institutional experience in foreskin dermatopathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnoses rendered on foreskin specimens between 1982 and April 2009 were obtained through a computer\u2010based keyword search. Cases given normal, non\u2010specific or descriptive diagnoses were reviewed by a dermatopathologist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Keyword search yielded 414 foreskin diagnoses. Interpretations included normal foreskin (n\u2009=\u2009131), benign lesions (n\u2009=\u2009262) and malignant\/dysplastic entities (n\u2009=\u200921). Of 353 cases given normal, descriptive or non\u2010specific diagnoses, 334 were reviewed. Of reviewed cases, 209 (63%) were given more specific diagnoses [e.g. spongiotic dermatitis (n\u2009=\u2009115), lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LSA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ; n\u2009=\u200941), interface\/lichenoid dermatitis (n\u2009=\u200926), psoriasiform dermatitis (n\u2009=\u20097)]. Discrepancy between the clinical and pathologic impression was frequently noted (n\u2009=\u200977).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows benign inflammatory lesions represent the most frequent foreskin pathology. When possible, specific diagnoses should be rendered, as accurate classification may be of clinical importance. There is an abundance of recent literature on the role of circumcision in disease prevention, and this topic is explored. We discuss the theoretical possibility that foreskin inflammation compromises the mucosal\/epithelial barrier, thus playing a role in disease transmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,24]],"date-time":"2012-09-24T10:11:06Z","timestamp":1348481466000},"page":"11-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Dermatopathology of the foreskin: an institutional experience of over 400 cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Dava S.","family":"West","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Papalas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Selim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin T.","family":"Vollmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"254","article-title":"The frequency of foreskin problems in uncircumcised children","volume":"140","author":"Herzog LW","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(95)90217-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462011922922"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Problems with the foreskin. 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