{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T22:04:24Z","timestamp":1760997864831,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Vasculitis associated with sarcoid granulomas is an uncommon phenomenon. A 72\u2010year\u2010old female presented with an expanding region of circumscribed alopecia and scalp atrophy of 2\u2009months duration. Biopsy showed non\u2010caseating granulomas, dermal thinning, loss of follicles, fibrosis and muscular vessels disrupted by mixed lymphocyte, macrophage and giant\u2010cell infiltrates. Affected vessels had loss and fragmentation of the elastic lamina, fibrous replacement of their walls and luminal stenosis (endarteritis obliterans). Dermal and vascular advential intralymphatic granulomas and lymphangiectases were found by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D2<\/jats:styled-content>\u201040 expression, suggesting lymphatic obstruction and poor antigen clearance. No evidence of a post\u2010zoster eruption, systemic sarcoidosis or systemic giant\u2010cell arteritis was found. Two years later, prednisone had halted\u00a0\u2013\u00a0but not reversed\u00a0\u2013\u00a0progression of her alopecia. Review of the literature showed two types of vasculitis associated with sarcoid granulomas: (i) acute, self\u2010limited leukocytoclastic vasculitis and (ii) chronic granulomatous vasculitis (GV). Persistence of non\u2010degradable material or antigen contributes to the pathogenesis of granulomatous inflammation. In this case, lymphatic obstruction probably impeded clearance of nonimmunologic and\/or immunologic stimuli permitting and sustaining the development of sarcoid granulomas and sarcoid GV, ultimately causing scarring alopecia and cutaneous atrophy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]],"date-time":"2015-05-13T14:13:02Z","timestamp":1431526382000},"page":"746-756","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Circumscribed cicatricial alopecia due to localized sarcoidal granulomas and single\u2010organ granulomatous arteritis: a case report and systematic review of sarcoidal vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7702-4391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad\u2010Ali","family":"Yazdani Abyaneh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Dermatology and Dermatopathology Albany Medical College  Albany NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preethi","family":"Raghu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Dermatology and Dermatopathology Albany Medical College  Albany NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Kircher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Dermatology  Kingston NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heinz","family":"Kutzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatopathologie Dermatopathologie Friedrichshafen  Friedrichshafen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kortz","family":"Alison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Dermatology  Kingston NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John Andrew","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Dermatology and Dermatopathology Albany Medical College  Albany NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"457","article-title":"Sarcoidosis\u00a0\u2013\u00a0scientific progress and clinical challenges. 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