{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:25:09Z","timestamp":1792113909936,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Molluscum contagiosum (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>) is the commonest human poxvirus infection. Follicular induction has rarely been observed in the epidermis surrounding lesions of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>. A virus\u2010induced localized proliferation of germinative\/stem cells of the folliculosebaceous\u2010apocrine unit has been suggested as the underlying cause, however few reports of this peculiar phenomenon exist in the literature and the mechanisms involved in this proliferation require further study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively collected <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content> cases showing multifocal areas of primitive follicular induction involving the adjacent undersurface epidermis. Immunohistochemical expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BerEP4<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHLDA1<\/jats:styled-content> and cytokeratin 20 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK20<\/jats:styled-content>) was evaluated in the basaloid germs surrounding the lesions. For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHLDA1<\/jats:styled-content>, we used epidermal melanocytes as a positive internal control. For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BerEP4<\/jats:styled-content>, we employed a basal cell carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCC<\/jats:styled-content>) and for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK20<\/jats:styled-content>, colon as positive external controls. An incubation without the primary antibody functioned as an external negative control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All the cases studied showed an intense positive staining of the basaloid buds with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BerEP4<\/jats:styled-content> and weaker stain for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHLDA1<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK20<\/jats:styled-content> showed the presence of scattered Merkel cells within the induced epidermal basaloid proliferations favoring their reactive origin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathogenetic mechanisms behind the development of these microscopic features and the link between follicular induction and poxvirus infection are explored. Awareness of this unusual phenomenon by dermatopathologists will be helpful in avoiding a misdiagnosis of a superficial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCC<\/jats:styled-content> in such cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BerEP4<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHLDA1<\/jats:styled-content> were consistently expressed in the areas of primitive follicular induction surrounding lesions of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK<\/jats:styled-content> 20 stained the Merkel cells present in the basaloid buds. All these findings support the reactive origin of this phenomenon, which we believe is most probably viral\u2010induced.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,12]],"date-time":"2015-08-12T07:56:17Z","timestamp":1439366177000},"page":"12-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Primitive follicular induction in molluscum contagiosum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Molina\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz Universidad Aut\u00f3noma  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Bern\u00e1rdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz Universidad Aut\u00f3noma  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Requena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz Universidad Aut\u00f3noma  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Sch\u00e4rer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatopathology laboratory Dermatophathologisches Gemeinschaftslabor  Friedrichshafen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-3485-5.00027-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199606000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31828bc7c7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200104000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2012.1699","article-title":"Focal presence of molluscum contagiosum in basal cell carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Mizuashi M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J 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