{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T01:32:18Z","timestamp":1723339938465},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]],"date-time":"2016-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Free\u2010living amebae are ubiquitous in our environment, but rarely cause cutaneous infection. Balamuthia mandrillaris has a predilection for infecting skin of the central face. Infection may be restricted to the skin or associated with life\u2010threatening central nervous system (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content>) involvement. We report a case of a 91\u2010year\u2010old woman, who presented with a non\u2010healing red plaque over her right cheek. Several punch biopsies exhibited non\u2010specific granulomatous inflammation without demonstrable fungi or mycobacteria in histochemical stains. She was treated empirically for granulomatous rosacea, but the lesion continued to progress. A larger incisional biopsy was performed in which amebae were observed in hematoxylin\u2010eosin stained sections. These were retrospectively apparent in the prior punch biopsy specimens. Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction studies identified the organisms as <jats:italic>Balamuthia mandrillaris<\/jats:italic>. Cutaneous infection by <jats:italic>B. mandrillaris<\/jats:italic> is a rare condition that is sometimes complicated by life\u2010threatening <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> involvement and which often evades timely diagnosis due to its rarity and nonspecific clinical manifestations. Moreover, these amebae are easily overlooked in histopathologic sections because of their small number and their resemblance to histiocytes. Dermatopathologists should be familiar with the histopathologic appearance of these organisms and include balamuthiasis and other amebic infections in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous dermatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T06:32:51Z","timestamp":1464849171000},"page":"892-897","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Centrofacial Balamuthiasis: case report of a rare cutaneous amebic infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Oliver H.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology University of Washington  Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle WA 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