{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:09:10Z","timestamp":1790287750373,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]],"date-time":"2017-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>There are limited data on nail histopathology techniques. The objective of this study was to examine nail histopathology techniques currently in use internationally.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>An online survey was sent to the European Nail Society and Council for Nail Disorders during 2015\u20132016.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>There were 57 respondents, from twenty countries comprising dermatologists, podiatrists and pathologists.<\/jats:p>Specimens were unmarked or marked using ink or a suture and fixed in 10% formalin, from 6 to 48 hours before embedding in paraffin wax (90% [17\/19]), liquid nitrogen (frozen section, 1\/19) and 2\u2010hydroxyethylmethacrylate (plastic, 1\/19).<\/jats:p>Nail softening was undertaken by 71% (17\/24) of respondents for 6 to 48 hours using Mollifex Gurr (12.5%, 3\/24), 10% potassium hydroxide solution (12.5%, 3\/24) or 10% potassium thioglycolate cream (12.5%, 3\/24).<\/jats:p>Section thickness was 4 to 9\u2009\u00b5m (62.5%), using a steel microtome (92%,12\/13) on glass slides (91.6%, 11\/12).<\/jats:p>Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) was routine for all biopsies and Periodic acid Schiff (PAS<\/jats:styled-content>) for fungus. The favored stain for differentiating melanin and hemoglobin was Fontana\u2010Masson (60%, 6\/10). For pigmented lesions, Melan\u2010A was always employed by all respondents (9\/9).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Nail histopathology processing has some small variations from normal skin processing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,7]],"date-time":"2017-06-07T08:16:48Z","timestamp":1496823408000},"page":"749-756","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["An international survey about nail histology processing techniques"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7492-798X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Wlodek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Lecerf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Brugmann Universit\u00e9 Librede Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josette","family":"Andre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Saint\u2010Pierre Universit\u00e9 Librede Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth S.","family":"Ruben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco and Palo Alto Medical Foundation Palo Alto California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"de Berker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"ThompsonC.CTAlab.https:\/\/www.cta\u2010lab.com\/nail_resources.html. 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