{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:57:23Z","timestamp":1777564643319,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metastatic tumor spread is a complex multistep process. Due to the blood\u2010brain barrier, metastasis to the central nervous system is restrictive with a distinct predilection for certain tumor types. In melanoma patients, brain metastasis is a common endpoint with the majority showing evidence of widespread disease at autopsy. In a previous murine melanoma model, we have shown that melanoma cells migrate along preexisting vessels into the brain, showing angiotropism\/vascular co\u2010option and pericytic mimicry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using conventional morphology and immunohistochemistry, we analyze brain metastases from eight autopsy cases. In addition, tissue clearing, which enables three\u2010dimensional visualization over a distance of 100\u2009\u03bcm is used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We show the angiotropic localization of melanoma deposits in the brains in all eight autopsy cases. Tissue clearing techniques have allowed visualization of melanoma cells in one case exclusively along the abluminal surface of brain blood vessels over a distance of 100\u2009\u03bcm, thus showing pericytic mimicry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our analyses show clear\u2010cut evidence of angiotropism and pericytic mimicry of melanoma cells within the brain over some distance. In addition, these results support the hypothesis of metastasis along pathways other than hematogenous spread, or extravascular migratory metastasis (EVMM). During EVMM, melanoma cells may metastasize to the brain through pericytic mimicry, circumventing the blood\u2010brain barrier.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]],"date-time":"2019-03-30T08:38:58Z","timestamp":1553935138000},"page":"570-578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Eight autopsy cases of melanoma brain metastases showing angiotropism and pericytic mimicry. Implications for extravascular migratory metastasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Ann\u2010Katrin","family":"Rodewald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Triemli Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth J.","family":"Rushing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuropathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Kirschenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuropathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Mangana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Mittmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Moch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Lugassy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Translational Research Institut Curie  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond L.","family":"Barnhill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Translational Research Institut Curie  Paris 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