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We describe two cases with a novel small vessel vasculitis disorder, which exclusively affected arterioles in the mid\u2010dermis, and show clinical and pathological difference distinct from cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa and cutaneous venulitis. Both patients were male, and presented with painful infiltrative plaques, involving the palms, soles, and thighs without extracutaneous involvement except for fever and arthralgia. Histopathological examination revealed vasculitis in the mid\u2010dermis characterized by a predominant infiltration of neutrophils with vessel wall fibrinoid necrosis and leukocytoclasia identical to the features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, except that the affected vessels were arterioles rather than venules. Serological examinations showed normal levels of serum complements, immune complexes, and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, and vasculitis disorders associated with systemic diseases were excluded in both patients. The patients showed a good response to short\u2010term treatment with prednisolone up to 30\u2009mg. This novel cutaneous arteriolitis clinicopathologically different from both cutaneous venulitis and cutaneous arteritis appears to be a skin\u2010limited disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,27]],"date-time":"2020-04-27T09:44:43Z","timestamp":1587980683000},"page":"854-859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cutaneous arteriolitis: A novel cutaneous small vessel vasculitis disorder clinicopathologically different from cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa and cutaneous venulitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8390-2573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Fukushima Medical University  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5429-732X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ko\u2010Ron","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meguro Chen Dermatology Clinic  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40375"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200809020-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37715"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"2527","volume-title":"Fitzpatrick's Dermatology","author":"Soter NA","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70039-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Cytokines, fibrinolysis and 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