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The pathology associated with ICI therapy is vast and includes neoadjuvant\u2010associated tissue reactions and activation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) at the site of the tumor bed and off\u2010target immune\u2010related adverse events. TLSs are thought to recapitulate lymph node function and may act as localized immune machinery to mount an antitumor response. B\u2010cell activation in TLSs during neoadjuvant ICI therapy has been correlated with antitumor response. We report a patient with a history of sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant ICI cemiplimab who developed clonal expansion of B\u2010cells in the TLSs of the tumor bed. The TLSs morphologically mimicked a cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation. Awareness of clonal expansion of B\u2010cells in TLSs during neoadjuvant ICI therapy is critical to recognize a response to ICI therapy and to avoiding an incorrect diagnosis of low\u2010grade B\u2010cell lymphoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T05:07:49Z","timestamp":1609909669000},"page":"674-679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Tertiary lymphoid structures with overlapping histopathologic features of cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma during neoadjuvant cemiplimab therapy are associated with antitumor response"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4214-8308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith J.","family":"Sweeney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas 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