{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T10:04:23Z","timestamp":1780913063004,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>As more people become vaccinated against the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 virus, reports of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions are beginning to emerge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this IRB\u2010approved retrospective case series, biopsy specimens of potential cutaneous adverse reactions from the Pfizer\u2010BioNTech or Moderna mRNA vaccine were identified and reviewed. Clinical information was obtained through the requisition form, referring clinician, or medical chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve cases were included. Histopathological features from two injection\u2010site reactions showed a mixed\u2010cell infiltrate with eosinophils and a spongiotic dermatitis with eosinophils. Three biopsy specimens came from generalized eruptions that showed interface changes consistent with an exanthematous drug reaction. Three biopsy specimens revealed a predominantly spongiotic pattern, consistent with eczematous dermatitis. Small\u2010vessel vascular injury was seen in two specimens, which were diagnosed as urticarial vasculitis and leukocytoclastic vasculitis, respectively. There were two cases of new\u2010onset bullous pemphigoid supported by histopathological examination and direct immunofluorescence studies. Eosinophils were seen in 10 cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dermatopathologists should be aware of potential cutaneous adverse reactions to mRNA\u2010based COVID\u201019 vaccines. Histopathological patterns include mixed\u2010cell infiltrates, epidermal spongiosis, and interface changes. Eosinophils are a common finding but are not always present. Direct immunofluorescence studies may be helpful for immune\u2010mediated cutaneous presentations such as vasculitis or bullous pemphigoid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.14104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T15:25:47Z","timestamp":1626967547000},"page":"34-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Clinical and histopathological spectrum of delayed adverse cutaneous reactions following <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Valerie","family":"Larson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Seidenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser &amp; Skin Surgery Center of New York  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avrom","family":"Caplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9731-4115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nooshin K.","family":"Brinster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ronald O. 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