{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:11:05Z","timestamp":1762866665500,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]],"date-time":"2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["C8162\/10406","C8162\/12537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C8162\/10406","C8162\/12537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the sensitivity, the number needed to screen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNS<\/jats:styled-content>) and the positive predictive value (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPV<\/jats:styled-content>) of cervical cytology for the diagnosis of cancer by age in a screening population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cohort of women with invasive cervical cancer nested within a census of cervical cytology. All (<jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>. 8\u00a0million) women aged 20\u201364\u00a0years with cervical cytology (excluding tests after an earlier abnormality). From April 2007 to March 2010, 3372 women had cervical cancer diagnosed within 12\u00a0months of such cytology in England. The sensitivity of cervical cytology to cancer, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNS<\/jats:styled-content> to detect one cancer and predictive values of cytology were calculated for various \u2019referral\u2018 thresholds. These were calculated for ages 20\u201324, 25\u201334, 35\u201349 and 50\u201364\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sensitivity of at least moderate dyskaryosis [equivalent to a high\u2010grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSIL<\/jats:styled-content>) or worse] for cancer of 89.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 88.3\u201390.4%] in women offered screening was independent of age. At all ages, women with borderline\u2010early recall or mild dyskaryosis on cytology (equivalent to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LSIL,<\/jats:styled-content> respectively, in the Bethesda system) had a similar risk of cervical cancer to the risk in all women tested. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPV<\/jats:styled-content> of severe dyskaryosis\/?invasive and ?glandular neoplasia cytology (equivalent to squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma\/adenocarcinoma <jats:italic>in\u00a0situ<\/jats:italic>, respectively, in the Bethesda System) were 34% and 12%, respectively; the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPV<\/jats:styled-content> of severe dyskaryosis (HSIL: severe dysplasia) was 4%. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNS<\/jats:styled-content> was lowest when the incidence of cervical cancer was highest, at ages 25\u201339\u00a0years, but the proportion of those with abnormal cytology who have cancer was also lowest in younger women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPV<\/jats:styled-content> of at least severe dyskaryosis (HSIL: severe dysplasia) for cancer was 4\u201310% of women aged 25\u201364\u00a0years, justifying a 2\u2010week referral to colposcopy and demonstrating the importance of failsafe monitoring for such patients. The sensitivity of cytology for cervical cancer was excellent across all age groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cyt.12259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T03:58:41Z","timestamp":1435723121000},"page":"201-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evaluating cytology for the detection of invasive cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Landy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cancer Prevention Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Bart's &amp; The London School of Medicine Queen Mary University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Castanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cancer Prevention Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Bart's &amp; The London School of Medicine Queen Mary University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College House, St Luke's Campus Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. W. W.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cancer Prevention Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Bart's &amp; The London School of Medicine Queen Mary University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Dudding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Department Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hollingworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whipps Cross University, Hospital Barts Health NHS Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. D.","family":"Sasieni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cancer Prevention Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Bart's &amp; The London School of Medicine Queen Mary University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"SasieniP CastanonA LouieK.NHSCSP Audit of Invasive Cervical Cancer. National Report 2007\u20102010: 2011.Available from:http:\/\/www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk\/cervical\/publications\/nhscsp-audit-invasive-cervical-cancer-201107.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2968"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"The NHS Information Centre Screening and Immunisations team.Cervical Screening Programme \u2010 England 2010\u201311: Report:2011.Available from:www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk\/cervical\/cervical-statistics-bulletin-2010-11.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/jms.2012.012028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2303.2008.00585.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Screening Service.Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Screening:2009. Available from:http:\/\/www.cancerscreening.ie\/publications\/QA_final_web_version.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7168.1309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Achievable standards Benchmarks for reporting and Criteria for evaluating cervical cytopathology(3rd edition). Editors:Smith J Patnick J.NHSCSP publication No1. Sheffield:2013. Available from:http:\/\/www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk\/cervical\/publications\/nhscsp01.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-194312000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"National Patient Safety Agency.NRES Leaflet: Defining research.2009; Available from:http:\/\/www.nres.nhs.uk\/applications\/is-your-project-research\/."}],"container-title":["Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcyt.12259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cyt.12259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T16:07:45Z","timestamp":1694448465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cyt.12259"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cyt.12259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cyt.12259","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-5507","1365-2303"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0956-5507"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2303"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]]}}}