{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T00:26:11Z","timestamp":1770510371677,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed the diagnostic utility of combined fine needle aspiration cytology (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FNAC<\/jats:styled-content>) and flow cytometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FC<\/jats:styled-content>) in the diagnosis of lymphoid lesions of the head and neck.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 1402 patients with combined <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FNAC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FC<\/jats:styled-content> reports were correlated with follow\u2010up information. Rapid on\u2010site evaluation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROSE<\/jats:styled-content>) of cytological specimens was performed in 52% of cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 211 lymphoid malignancies were identified, including 198 non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHL<\/jats:styled-content>) and 13 Hodgkin lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HL<\/jats:styled-content>). Accuracy measures for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHL<\/jats:styled-content> were: sensitivity 95.5%; specificity 99.9%; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPV<\/jats:styled-content> 99.5%; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPV<\/jats:styled-content> 99.2%; accuracy 99.3%. Only seven of 13 cases of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HL<\/jats:styled-content> were detected by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FNAC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FC<\/jats:styled-content>. False negative cases included <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HL<\/jats:styled-content> (six cases), diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma (four), T\u2010cell lymphoma (two), follicular lymphoma (one), marginal zone cell lymphoma (one) and B\u2010cell NHL, not otherwise specified (one). Two false positive results were identified: one immunoblastic hyperplasia reported as suspicious for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HL<\/jats:styled-content> and one case reported as suggestive of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHL<\/jats:styled-content> that was found to be reactive hyperplasia. Cases collected with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROSE<\/jats:styled-content> had a significantly lower rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) of insufficient cells for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FC<\/jats:styled-content> analysis (7.0%) than cases where <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROSE<\/jats:styled-content> was not performed (16.4%). Sensitivity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPV<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0023) were significantly higher for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROSE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010collected specimens. None of the false\u2010negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHL<\/jats:styled-content> cases had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROSE<\/jats:styled-content> performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>FNAC\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FC<\/jats:styled-content> is a highly sensitive and specific test for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHL<\/jats:styled-content>. Diagnostic errors mostly involved <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HL<\/jats:styled-content>, large cell lymphomas and T\u2010cell lymphomas. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROSE<\/jats:styled-content> results in a significantly higher adequacy rate for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FC<\/jats:styled-content> and higher sensitivity for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHL<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cyt.12706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T09:37:29Z","timestamp":1555321049000},"page":"370-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Investigation of lymphoid lesions of the head and neck using combined fine needle aspiration cytology and flow cytometry: Accuracy and pitfalls"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Crous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health School of Biomedical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Gillam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary\u2010Anne","family":"Kalokerinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sasenka","family":"Knezevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Papadimos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4596-2225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul W","family":"Shield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health School of Biomedical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland 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