{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T21:21:28Z","timestamp":1785100888238,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>The potentially curative and\/or palliative therapy for non\u2010resectable lung cancer has evolved significantly over the past 2 decades. With the availability of targeted therapies, the need for precise sub\u2010typing of non\u2010small cell lung carcinoma (NCSLC<\/jats:styled-content>) has become paramount.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objectives<\/jats:title>As there are few data from South Africa, we aimed to determine utility of TTF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, napsin A, p63 and CK<\/jats:styled-content>5 immunostaining on fine needle aspiration (FNA<\/jats:styled-content>) cell block and formalin\u2010fixed paraffin\u2010embedded tissue biopsy specimens in subtyping NSCLC<\/jats:styled-content> as adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>All cases of NSCLC<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosed during a 3\u2010year period were retrospectively identified. All FNA<\/jats:styled-content> biopsy and formalin\u2010fixed paraffin\u2010embedded cases that were stained with TTF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, napsin A, CK<\/jats:styled-content>5 and p63 were collected. A lung cancer registry was used to access and correlate clinical and radiological data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>We included 271 cases with diagnoses of adenocarcinoma of the lung (n\u00a0=\u00a0201), squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (n\u00a0=\u00a053), unspecified NSCLC (n\u00a0=\u00a08) and other carcinomas (n\u00a0=\u00a09). TTF\u20101 and napsin A had sensitivities of 99.0% and 91.9%, respectively, positive predictive values (PPVs) of 90.8% and 90.3%, respectively, and accuracies of 91.0% for adenocarcinoma of the lung. Napsin A had a higher specificity than TTF\u20101 (90.2% vs 62.8%). Both CK5 and P63 had high sensitivities (95.4% and 97.9%, respectively) and negative predictive values of 96.4% and 96.8%, respectively, for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. CK5 had a higher specificity than p63 (84.4% and 61.2%, respectively), PPV (80.4% and 70.8%, respectively) and accuracy (88.8% and 79.2%, respectively) for squamous cell carcinoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>All four immunostaining methods had high sensitivities. TTF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and napsin A both had high PPV<\/jats:styled-content> and diagnostic accuracy for adenocarcinoma of the lung, whereas CK<\/jats:styled-content>5 had an equally high PPV<\/jats:styled-content> and accuracy for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The specificity of napsin A for adenocarcinoma was higher than that of TTF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101. The specificity of CK<\/jats:styled-content>5 for squamous cell carcinoma was higher than p63.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cyt.12741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T16:52:20Z","timestamp":1560790340000},"page":"586-591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The utility of TTF<\/scp>\u20101, napsin A, CK<\/scp>5 and p63 staining in the sub\u2010classification of non\u2010small cell carcinoma of the lung"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3926-9192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri","family":"van Zyl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology Tygerberg Hospital National Health Laboratory Service Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawel T.","family":"Schubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology Tygerberg Hospital National Health Laboratory Service Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coenraad F. N.","family":"Koegelenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonology Department of Medicine Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"4247","article-title":"Np63, CK5\/6, TTF\u20101 and napsin A, a reliable panel to subtype non\u2010small cell cancer in biopsy specimens","volume":"7","author":"Zhao W","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"World Cancer Report","author":"Brambilla E","year":"2014"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The high diagnostic accuracy of combined test of thyroid transcription factor 1 and napsinA to distinguish between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma: a meta\u2010analysis","volume":"9","author":"Li L","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2014.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.20135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1742-6413.94570"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"p84","volume-title":"Cytology: Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates","author":"Cibas E","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"p206","volume-title":"Biostatistics: A Methodology for the Health Sciences","author":"Fisher L","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2012.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40169-015-0057-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2011-0232-OA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3182036d05"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2011.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasc.2015.07.002"}],"container-title":["Cytopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcyt.12741","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cyt.12741","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cyt.12741","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cyt.12741","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T06:38:55Z","timestamp":1694241535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cyt.12741"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cyt.12741"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cyt.12741","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-5507","1365-2303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-5507","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}