{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T08:45:08Z","timestamp":1767084308388,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pilomatricoma is a benign tumour that originates in the outer sheath of the hair follicle root. The clinical diagnosis of this rare entity is often missed, possibly due to a lack of awareness. Its characteristic cytomorphological features are sheets of ghost cells, basaloid cells, calcification and foreign body giant cell reaction. However, the above features may not all be present in all cases, rendering cytological diagnosis difficult.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included all cases of pilomatricoma diagnosed on fine needle aspiration over a period of 4\u2009years. The histopathological diagnosis was retrieved for the cases wherever possible. A detailed histopathological and cytological evaluation was performed for the various components\u2014basaloid cells, ghost cells, calcified debris, foreign body giant cells, bare nuclei, neutrophils, and macrophages\u2014and they were graded on a scale of 0 to 3+.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 28 cases included 8 female and 20 male patients with a mean age of 34.6\u2009years. Most cases (22 cases; 78.6%) were located in the head and neck, with the scalp being the most common site. Twenty\u2010five cases were cytologically diagnosed as pilomatricoma based on a variable admixture of the various components\u2014nests of basaloid cells, ghost cells, foreign body giant cell reaction, calcified debris and viable squamous cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p>However, in two cases which showed an absence of basaloid cells, a differential diagnosis of epidermal inclusion cyst was also included. Another case showed a predominance of basaloid cells with a paucity of ghost cells, so a differential diagnosis of adnexal tumour was also included. Among all the cytological parameters, sheets of ghost cells followed by nests of basaloid cells and foreign body giant cell reaction had the highest sensitivity in the cytological diagnosis of pilomatricoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence of sheets of ghost cells is the most sensitive parameter for the cytological diagnosis of pilomatricoma. It is important that pilomatricoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous masses, particularly in the head and neck region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cyt.13219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T14:24:22Z","timestamp":1676471062000},"page":"232-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cytomorphological spectrum of pilomatricoma \u2013 A series of 28 cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4630-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sana","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8044-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sufian","family":"Zaheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Additional cytomorphological criteria in diagnosis of pilomatricoma\u2010benign tumour with bad reputation","volume":"34","author":"Seili\u2010Bekafigo I","year":"2010","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2010.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.16.e552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"Limits of fine\u2010needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing pilomatrixoma: a series of 25 cases with clinico\u2010pathologic correlations.Indian","volume":"57","author":"Ieni A","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1742-6413.144689"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.12.1481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.10161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9371.59402"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9371.41900"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"826","article-title":"Note Sur 1\u2032 pitheliome calcifi des glandes sebacees","volume":"8","author":"Malherbe A","year":"1880","journal-title":"Prog Med (Paris)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1961.01580100070009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.74566"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2011.01836.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/D32212033380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"e26","article-title":"Multiple pilomatricomas in a patient with turner syndrome. 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