{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:57:53Z","timestamp":1791572273180,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1004765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1004765"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Goldman-Sachs Foundation"},{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Young offenders are at increased risk of preventable death after release from custody, but risk factors for death in this population are poorly understood. Despite their poor health profiles, no studies have examined mortality outcomes in young people who have served community\u2010based orders. The aims of this study were to describe the causes and identify risk factors for death in a cohort of young offenders in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>ictoria, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We interviewed young people serving a custodial (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009273) or community\u2010based order (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009242) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>ictoria, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia in 2002\u20132003. Measures included demographics and family history, offence history, experience of victimisation, mental illness, self\u2010harm and substance use. Deaths up to 31 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2011 were identified through a probabilistic linkage with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>ational <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>eath <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>ndex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The all\u2010cause crude mortality rate was 4.2 (95% confidence interval 2.7\u20136.8) per 1000 person years and was not significantly different for those who had served custodial and community\u2010based orders. Most deaths were due to drug overdose, traffic accidents or suicide. Adjusting for age, sex and order type, risk factors for death from the baseline interview included weekly use of opioids, sleeping pills or painkillers, polydrug use and injecting drug use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Young people who have served community\u2010based and custodial orders are at an increased risk of preventable death. Those engaging in risky substance use, particularly injecting drug use and use of multiple central nervous system depressants, are at greatest risk. There is an urgent need to develop and rigorously evaluate preventive interventions. <jats:italic>[Kinner SA, Degenhardt L, Coffey C, Hearps S, Spittal M, Sawyer SM, Patton GC. Substance use and risk of death in young offenders: A prospective data linkage study.<\/jats:italic> Drug Alcohol Rev <jats:italic>2015;34:46\u201350]<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T12:59:13Z","timestamp":1406293153000},"page":"46-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Substance use and risk of death in young offenders: A prospective data linkage study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3956-5343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart A.","family":"Kinner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Adolescent Health Murdoch Childrens Research Institute  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louisa","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Adolescent Health Murdoch Childrens Research Institute  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales Australia  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Global Health School of Public Health University of Washington  Seattle USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Coffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Adolescent Health Murdoch Childrens Research Institute  Melbourne 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