{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T11:56:30Z","timestamp":1768305390362,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]],"date-time":"2015-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003921","name":"Australian Government Department of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>In recent years there has been growing concern about new psychoactive substances (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content>) designed to mimic the effects of established illicit drugs. This paper explores the patterns and correlates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> use in a sample of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralian students.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional survey was conducted in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia in 2014. Data were collected from 1126 students (mean age: 14.9 years) from 11 secondary schools. Students completed a self\u2010report questionnaire assessing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> use and knowledge, beliefs and intentions to use these substances. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> users were compared with non\u2010users and illicit drug users, who had not used <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content>, in terms of gender, binge drinking, tobacco use, psychological distress and self\u2010efficacy to resist peer pressure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 1126 students, 3% reported having ever tried <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.4% had used synthetic cannabis and 0.4% had used a synthetic stimulant. Analyses revealed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS users<\/jats:styled-content> were more likely to have had an episode of binge drinking in the past 6 months, tried tobacco and had higher levels of psychological distress and lower perceived self\u2010efficacy to resist peer pressure than non\u2010users, but did not significantly differ from users of other illicit drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> use appears to be uncommon among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralian school students. Although adolescents that do use these substances did not differ from students that had used traditional illicit drugs, both appear to be higher\u2010risk groups of students than non\u2010users. Our findings suggest that universal education about <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> be incorporated into existing drug prevention programmes, and that targeted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> prevention may also be warranted among high\u2010risk adolescents. <jats:italic>[Champion KE, Teesson M, Newton NC. Patterns and correlates of new psychoactive substance use in a sample of Australian high school students<\/jats:italic>. Drug Alcohol Rev <jats:italic>2016;35:338\u2013344]<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]],"date-time":"2015-07-21T06:17:43Z","timestamp":1437459463000},"page":"338-344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Patterns and correlates of new psychoactive substance use in a sample of <scp>A<\/scp>ustralian high school students"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Katrina E.","family":"Champion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maree","family":"Teesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola C.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"BrightS.New and emerging drugs. 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