{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:29:02Z","timestamp":1792031342737,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA033609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA033609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are considerable challenges faced by people with a history of injecting drug use (PWID) in Vietnam, including drug\u2010related stigma and lack of access to healthcare. Seeking and utilising healthcare, as well as harm reduction programs for PWID, are often hampered by drug\u2010related stigma. This study aimed to examine the impacts of drug\u2010related stigma on access to care and utilisation of harm reduction programs among PWID in Vietnam.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted in two provinces in Vietnam, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd and Vinh Ph\u00fac. The study participants completed the survey by using Audio Computer\u2010Assisted Self\u2010Interview between late 2014 and early 2015. Linear multiple regression models and logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship among drug\u2010related stigma, access to care and utilisation of harm reduction programs, including methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and needle exchange programs (NEP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 900 PWID participated in this study. Drug\u2010related stigma was significantly associated with lower level of access to care, but not with utilisation of MMT or NEP. Older age was positively associated with higher levels of access to care. Levels of education were positively correlated with access to care, as well as utilisation of MMT and NEP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study underscores the need for future interventions to reduce drug\u2010related stigma in society and in health\u2010care settings to improve PWID's utilisation of care services. Special attention should be paid to younger PWID and those with lower levels of education.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T09:36:00Z","timestamp":1501580160000},"page":"333-339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Drug\u2010related stigma and access to care among people who inject drugs in Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Chiao\u2010Wen","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Center for Community Health University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunqing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Center for Community Health University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duong Cong","family":"Thanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology Department of HIV\/AIDS  Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3402-142X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Center for Community Health University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"UNODC.World drug report. 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