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This commentary assesses the impact of substance use on this phenomenon. Although crude mortality rates of the most important causes of death (such as cardiovascular diseases or cancer) have declined between 2010 and 2014, crude mortality rates of drug\u2010 and alcohol\u2010induced causes of death have increased. Alcohol use, non\u2010medical prescription drug use (especially prescription opioid use) and illicit drug use have likely played a crucial role in life expectancy trends of the past years. Importantly, the current mortality crisis due to substances is disproportionately borne in lower socio\u2010economic strata. As such, policies should reduce this impact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T06:36:43Z","timestamp":1525761403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Substance use and population life expectancy in the USA: Interactions with health inequalities and implications for policy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6812-4892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sameer","family":"Imtiaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Probst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Rehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy  Dresden Germany"},{"name":"Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deaths: final data for 2014","volume":"65","author":"Kochanek KD","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518393112"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30187-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-016-0081-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13757"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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